Tafsir for verse: 54:49
إِنَّا كُلَّ شَيۡءٍ خَلَقۡنَٰهُ بِقَدَرٖ ٤٩ ﴿49
49Verily, We have created every thing according to (Our) predestination.
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Commentary

And when he informed about the Day of Resurrection and what will befall them therein as a recompense for their deeds which he has decreed upon them, and it is a veil, they were pleased with it for following their desires and they argued for His pleasure with it. And sometimes a person might think that their persistence in disbelief was not by His will, glorified and exalted is He. This was explained as a reminder that all actions are His, and their attribution to the servants is based on apparent matters, by which they have proof in their customary practices. So He said: "Indeed, we" meaning: by what we have of greatness, "everything" meaning: of all created things, both small and large.

And when this generalization in creation is something understood by the context, He began His saying as an explanation of the hidden action and as information that all of that creation is upon a precise system and a predetermined matter, "We created it with measure" meaning: with decree, wisdom, and a regulated measurement, and a limited division, and a thorough management in a known time and a specified place, written in that tablet before its occurrence, which the angels measure by time and other forms of counting and all types of measurements - nothing escapes it, not even the weight of an atom, because there is no competitor to us with what we have of complete power and perfect knowledge. So this punishment is by our power and will, so be patient with it and be pleased with it as you were pleased with your evil deeds, then you argue against our servants that it is our will in a manner of: "If Allah had willed, we would not have associated anything" [Al-An'am: 148]. Thus, it has brought you to what you see and has been fully revealed that nothing occurs contrary to our will, and nothing that we have decreed can be questioned: why? Al-Razi said in Al-Lawa'ih: Quantity is irrelevant to His actions just as quality and quantity are irrelevant to His essence and attributes - this has ended.

And nothing in His matter, glorified is He, occurs except that it is upon the utmost wisdom. And if creation were not resurrected after death for retribution and for justice to occur, it would be that justice is arbitrary and not by measure and fairness. For what is observed is that corruption in this abode from the responsible ones is multiplied many times over. And it has been read in the exceptional cases with the raising of "everything" and Ibn Jinni made it stronger than the accusative, and it is not so because the raising does not convey what I have mentioned, and what led him to that is only that he is an Mu'tazili, and the accusative upon what I have decreed is a refutation for the people of the Mu'tazila.

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