Tafsir for verse: 54:10
فَدَعَا رَبَّهُۥٓ أَنِّي مَغۡلُوبٞ فَٱنتَصِرۡ ١٠ ﴿10
10So he prayed to his Lord saying, “I am overpowered, so defend (me).”
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Commentary

And when this prolonged from them and generations passed over them, generation after generation, until more time had passed from their warning than had passed for the nation of this final Prophet until this day, and Allah informed him that none among them would believe except for those who had believed with him. This resulted in a prayer for relief from them. Therefore, he turned the address towards the attribute of kindness, lordship, and favor, indicating that He answered his prayer and responded to his call: 'So he called upon his Lord,' meaning the One who raised him with kindness towards him through His message, informing him when he despaired of their response: 'Indeed, I am overwhelmed,' meaning by all of my people with strength and protection, not by argument. He confirmed this because whoever refuses the greatest King is likely to be in need of support, and to convey in complaint the display of the humiliation of servitude. For Allah, glorified and exalted is He, is aware of the secrets of the servant and his public state. He did not initiate the prayer in its essence except to manifest humility, and likewise the conveying in it: 'So grant me victory,' meaning bring my victory upon them, You alone, in the most effective manner.

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