Tafsir for verse: 53:28
وَمَا لَهُم بِهِۦ مِنۡ عِلۡمٍۖ إِن يَتَّبِعُونَ إِلَّا ٱلظَّنَّۖ وَإِنَّ ٱلظَّنَّ لَا يُغۡنِي مِنَ ٱلۡحَقِّ شَيۡـٔٗا ٢٨ ﴿28
28They do not have knowledge about it. They follow nothing but conjecture, and conjecture is of no avail in (the matter of) Truth.
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Commentary

And what they have, meaning that they have not, by what they have named them. And he emphasized the negation by saying: "of knowledge." When he negated their knowledge, the listener became eager for the one who would carry them on that, so he said: "Indeed," meaning what "they follow," meaning to the utmost of what is in that and otherwise, "except for conjecture."

And when they were as if they were certain that this would benefit them, he confirmed his saying: "And indeed, conjecture," meaning absolutely in this and otherwise. Therefore, he revealed in the place of concealment: "does not avail," an availing that begins "from the truth," meaning the matter that is established in the essence of the matter, which is the reality of the thing and its essence, whereby conjecture becomes its substitute. And conjecture is only expressed in practical matters, not in scientific matters, especially the foundational ones.

"Anything" from the availing of anyone from the creation, for it never leads to certainty of knowledge of the thing as it is in the essence of the matter. Thus, it is prohibited in the foundations of the religion, for the intended goal is the realization of the matter as it is in reality. As for the branches, the one who is obligated in them is conjecture, but with the condition that it is permitted, which is to refer it back to the foundational principles derived from it due to the inability of man to be certain in all branches, a reminder of his inability and his need for Allah, so that he may turn to Him and disassociate from his own strength and power to reveal to him from the unseen.

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