Tafsir for verse: 50:4
قَدۡ عَلِمۡنَا مَا تَنقُصُ ٱلۡأَرۡضُ مِنۡهُمۡۖ وَعِندَنَا كِتَٰبٌ حَفِيظُۢ ٤ ﴿4
4We know very well how much of them is diminished by the earth, and We have a Book that Preserves every thing.
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Commentary

And when the context was for encompassing knowledge of what we know and what we do not know, the listener expected the answer to this ignorance. So he said, removing the reason for it, beginning with the letter of expectation: "Indeed". That is: rather, we are certainly capable of that, for we have "knowledge" of what the earth "takes away from them". That is: from their parts that are intermingled with their bodies after death and before it. For if a person were to increase with every food he eats and not decrease, he would become like a mountain. Rather, we are always in the act of creating and annihilating those parts. And that is a branch of knowledge of each part at the time when its deficiency was less or more. And there is nothing of that except by our sight, due to our maintenance and penetrating knowledge of the innermost, let alone the outward and preservation, which is not subject to any ignorance or negligence or otherwise. However, He expressed it with "from"; because the earth does not consume the tip of the tail; for it is like the seed for the bodies of the children of Adam.

And when it was customary among all people that what is written is preserved, He conducted the matter according to what their habits dictated. So He said, indicating with the pronoun of majesty His independence from the book: "And with Us". That is: according to what we have of majesty, the Self-Sufficient who is free from all things, "is a Book". That is: a comprehensive one for everything, "Preserving". That is: profound in preservation, nothing escapes from it, whether small or large. So how do they find it improbable, regarding our greatness, that we cannot distinguish their dust from the dust of the earth? And nothing from our knowledge of it has mixed any part of it with any other part, let alone that anything from it mixes with anything else from the dust of the earth or otherwise.

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