And when this is a proof of their disbelief; it is indicated by His saying: ﴿And if﴾; meaning: they did that while claiming to have faith; while the case is that if they ﴿were﴾; meaning: all of them; ﴿believed﴾; meaning: there would be faith among them; ﴿in Allah﴾; meaning: the Most High King; who has complete knowledge of everything; ﴿and the Prophet﴾; meaning: the one who has complete connection with Allah; and thus He followed it with His saying: ﴿and what was revealed to him﴾; meaning: from Allah; more general than the Qur'an; and others; with pure faith; without hypocrisy; ﴿they did not take them﴾; meaning: the polytheists; striving in that; ﴿as allies﴾; because opposing the belief prevents affection; so whoever among them remained upon his Judaism; outwardly and inwardly; then the 'alif' in 'the Prophet' is to reveal his inner state; for the covenant; meaning: the Prophet whom they are awaiting; and they say: he is not Muhammad ﷺ or for the truth; meaning: if they truly believed in this truth - meaning: the truth of prophethood - they would not have allied with them; for no prophet came except with the disavowal of the polytheists - as he indicated ﷺ - with his saying: "The prophets are the sons of different mothers; their religion is one." (p-268) As will come soon in the narration of Abu Huraira; meaning - and Allah knows best - that their laws; even if they differ in branches; they agree in the foundation; which is monotheism; and whoever among them has shown faith; the intended meaning of the Prophet in revealing his deviation; and his inclination; and his injustice; is Muhammad ﷺ; because he forbade the alliance with the polytheists; rather he only accepted confronting them; and battling them.

And when the conditionality made clear their lack of faith; He excluded from it; warning by placing the state of wickedness in the position of lack of faith; on the condition that it is the one that leads to it; so He said: ﴿But many of them are wicked﴾; meaning: firmly established in the character of wickedness from the circles of obedience.