Commentary
And when He forbade them from that and deemed it ugly for them; He explained it; warning them against it; by His saying (the Most High) - establishing the action; because the doer is known by the context of who is on their tongues -: ﴿Cursed﴾; and He described them with what He pointed out as the reason for their curse; by saying: ﴿Those who disbelieved﴾; and He specified their attribution; identifying them; and reproaching them; so He said: ﴿From the Children of Israel﴾; and He emphasized this curse; and magnified it by saying: ﴿By the tongue of David﴾; meaning: the one who was on the Shari'ah of Moses - peace be upon him -; and that was due to their transgression on the Sabbath; so they became apes; ﴿and Jesus son of Mary﴾; meaning: the one who abrogated the Shari'ah of Moses - peace be upon him -; due to their disbelief after the table spread; so they were transformed into pigs; because they opposed the two prophets together; so they neither worshipped according to what David - peace be upon him - called them to from their Shari'ah - which they claimed to adhere to; nor did they depart from it to what they were commanded to depart to by the tongue of Moses - peace be upon him -; in his glad tidings regarding it; remaining obedient to him; so there remained for them no reason to adhere to it; nor to adhere to a truth that another called them to; so it was known with certainty that they were with desires; as has passed; and it did not benefit them; with their attribution to one of the two Shari'ahs; their attribution to Israel - peace be upon him -; for indeed, there is no lineage for anyone with Allah without piety; especially on the Day of Judgment; when the close friends on that Day will be enemies to one another except for the pious.
And when He informed of their curse; and indicated the reasoning for it due to their disbelief; He explicitly stated the reasoning by saying: ﴿That﴾; meaning: the complete curse; ﴿because﴾; meaning: due to what; ﴿they disobeyed﴾; meaning: they acted in abandoning the rulings of Allah as the disobedient act against Allah; ﴿and they were transgressing﴾; meaning: it was the exceeding of the limits that Allah set for them; as a character.
The mention of their cursing in the Psalms and the Gospel. He said in the seventh and seventy Psalms: "Listen, O My people, to My commandments; incline your ears to the words of My mouth; for I will open My mouth in parables; I will utter hidden things from of old, which we have heard and known, and our fathers have told us; we will not hide them from their children; we will tell the next generation the praises of the Lord, His power, and the wonders He has done; He established a testimony in Jacob, and set a law in Israel, which He commanded our fathers to teach their children; so that the next generation might know, the children yet unborn, and arise and tell their children to put their trust in Allah and not forget the works of the Lord, but keep His commandments; lest they be like their fathers, a stubborn and rebellious generation, a generation that did not set its heart aright, and whose spirit was not faithful to Allah. The children of Ephraim, armed with bows, turned back on the day of battle; they did not keep the covenant of Allah, and refused to walk in His law; they forgot His works and the wonders that He had shown them. He performed wonders in the sight of their fathers, in the land of Egypt, in the fields of Zoan. He split the sea and caused them to pass through; He made the waters stand like a heap. He led them with the cloud by day, and all the night with a light of fire. He split the rocks in the wilderness, and gave them drink in abundance like the depths. He brought streams out of the rock, and caused waters to run like rivers. Yet they sinned more against Him by provoking the Most High in the wilderness. They tested Allah in their hearts by asking for the food of their fancy. They spoke against Allah; they said, "Can Allah prepare a table in the wilderness?" Behold, He struck the rock, so that the waters gushed out, and the streams overflowed. Can He give bread also? Can He provide meat for His people? Therefore, the Lord heard this and was furious; so a fire was kindled against Jacob, and anger also came up against Israel; because they did not believe in Allah, and did not trust in His salvation. Yet He commanded the clouds above, and opened the doors of heaven; He rained down manna upon them to eat, and gave them of the bread of heaven. Men ate angels' food; He sent them food to the full. He caused an east wind to blow in the heavens; and by His power He brought in the south wind. He rained meat on them like the dust, and feathered fowl like the sand of the seas; and He let them fall in the midst of their camp, all around their dwellings. So they ate and were well filled, for He gave them their own desire. They were not deprived of their craving; while the food was still in their mouths, the anger of Allah came against them, and killed the stoutest of them, and struck down the choice men of Israel. In spite of this, they still sinned, and did not believe in His wonders. Therefore their days He consumed in futility, and their years in fear. When He slew them, then they sought Him; and they returned and sought earnestly for Allah. Then they remembered that Allah was their rock, and the Most High God their Redeemer. Nevertheless, they flattered Him with their mouth, and they lied to Him with their tongue; for their heart was not steadfast with Him, nor were they faithful in His covenant. But He, being full of compassion, forgave their iniquity, and did not destroy them; yes, many a time He turned His anger away, and did not stir up all His wrath. For He remembered that they were but flesh, a breath that passes away and does not come again. How often they provoked Him in the wilderness, and grieved Him in the desert! Yes, again and again they tempted Allah, and provoked the Holy One of Israel. They did not remember His power on the day when He redeemed them from the adversary.
This is some of what is in the Psalms; as for the Gospel, it is overflowing with that; from it is what is in the Gospel of Matthew; he said: (And Jesus moved from there; and came to the other side of the Galilee; and went up to the mountain; and sat there; and a great crowd came to him; with them were the mute; and the blind; and the lame; and others many; and they fell down at his feet; and he healed them; and the crowd was amazed because they saw the mute speaking; and the deaf hearing; and the lame walking; and the blind seeing; and they glorified the God of Israel; and indeed Jesus called his disciples and said to them: I have compassion on this crowd; because they have been with me three days here; and they have nothing to eat; and I do not want to send them away fasting; lest they faint on the way; Mark said: because some of them came from afar; it ended; the disciples said to him: Where can we find enough bread in the wilderness to satisfy this crowd? Jesus said to them: How many loaves do you have? They said: Seven loaves; and a few fish; so he commanded the crowd to sit on the ground; and he took the seven loaves; and the fish; and blessed; and broke; and gave to his disciples; and the disciples gave to the crowd; and they all ate and were satisfied; and they took up the leftover pieces seven baskets full; and those who ate were about four thousand men; besides women and children; and the crowd was dismissed; and he got into the boat; and came to the region of Magdala - and Mark said: to the vicinity of Mabona - and the Pharisees came; (and the heretics; trying him; and asking him to show them a sign from heaven; so Jesus answered them saying: When evening comes you say: The sky is red - because of its redness -; and in the morning you say: Today is stormy - because of the redness of the gloomy sky -; hypocrites; you know how to interpret the appearance of the sky; but you cannot interpret the signs of the times; the wicked and adulterous generation seeks a sign; and no sign will be given to it except the sign of Jonah the prophet; and he left them and went away; then the disciples came to the other side; and they forgot to take bread - Mark said: and there was not in the boat except one loaf - and Jesus said to them: Take heed and beware of the leaven of the Pharisees; and the heretics - and Mark said: and the leaven of Herod - so they thought among themselves saying: We did not bring bread; and Jesus knew it and said to them: Why do you think about yourselves, O you of little faith, that you have no bread? Do you not understand; nor remember the five loaves for five thousand; and how many baskets you took up; and the seven loaves for four thousand; and how many baskets you took up? Why do you not understand? Because I did not say to you concerning bread; then they understood that he did not say to them to beware of the leaven of bread; but of the teaching of the heretics; and the Pharisees; and Luke said: Beware of yourselves of the leaven of the Pharisees; which is hypocrisy; for there is nothing hidden that will not be revealed; nor concealed that will not be known; what you say in the dark will be heard in the light; and what you have whispered in the ears will be proclaimed on the rooftops; (I say to you: O my beloved; do not fear those who kill the body; and after that they have no more that they can do; fear him who after he has killed has authority to cast into hell).
And the remainder of the reference to their cursing will come in the Surah of 'As-Saff'; if Allah, the Exalted, wills. And 'al-‘Usm' is the plural of 'A‘sam'; with two letters omitted. It is one who has a deformity in his hand or foot, or his hand is dry.
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