Commentary
And when the souls are inclined towards desires; blind to the interests; reckless about the remedy; due to what they have focused on from the adornment of worldly life; and the evidence of the loss of reason among the people of the Book is evidence for the Arabs by the same token; and the people of the Book - because they are people of knowledge - are not able to argue with them except for a few of the chosen servants; Allah, the Exalted, said - indicating what He concluded the verse with; regarding their lack of reason; commanding the greatest of His creation to reprimand them; and to rebuke them; and to scold them -: "Say"; and He placed them in a position of distance; so He said - reproaching them; because knowledge did not prevent them from falsehood -: "O people of the Book"; meaning: from the Jews; and the Christians; "Do you resent us"; meaning: do you deny; and hate; and criticize; "except that we have believed"; meaning: we have established faith; "in Allah"; meaning: for what He has of perfect attributes; which have filled the regions; and surpassed the limits of abundance; "and what has been revealed to us"; meaning: for what has of miraculousness in cases of elaboration; and moderation; and brevity; "and what has been revealed"; and when the revelation of the books and scriptures did not take up the time of the past; He affirmed the connection; so He said: "before"; meaning: for what our Book has testified to; and these things that we have believed in, no rational person can deviate from them; for they have evidences whose clarity surpasses the sun; so their goodness is without doubt; and without ambiguity; "and that"; meaning: we have all believed with the condition that "most of you"; He restricted it by excluding those who believe among them; by what the expression indicated by description; "corrupt"; meaning: deeply rooted in corruption; which is the departure from the abode of happiness; such that there is no possibility for them to return to what is pleasing in worship; so it was clarified that they do not resent the believers except for the opposition; and the opposition is only by the faith of the Muslims in Allah; and what He has commanded; and the disbelief of the people of the Book in all of that; with their knowledge of what has preceded them that whoever believes in Allah, Allah is with him; so He supports him against all who oppose him; and makes his outcome to everlasting success; and that whoever disbelieves, He disowns him; so He destroys him in this world; and makes his outcome to a punishment whose fire does not cease; nor does its moaning and roaring subside; and whoever engages in what leads him to that knowingly and willingly; there is no one more misguided than him; nor has he lost reason; and the specification of resentment for what has come from the believers prevents the conjunction of "and that"; with "that we have believed".
Explore Other Scholars on This Verse
Compare different scholarly perspectives on Surah Al-Ma'idah verse 59