Tafsir for verse: 5:52
فَتَرَى ٱلَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٞ يُسَٰرِعُونَ فِيهِمۡ يَقُولُونَ نَخۡشَىٰٓ أَن تُصِيبَنَا دَآئِرَةٞۚ فَعَسَى ٱللَّهُ أَن يَأۡتِيَ بِٱلۡفَتۡحِ أَوۡ أَمۡرٖ مِّنۡ عِندِهِۦ فَيُصۡبِحُواْ عَلَىٰ مَآ أَسَرُّواْ فِيٓ أَنفُسِهِمۡ نَٰدِمِينَ ٥٢ ﴿52
52Now, you see those who have disease in their hearts race towards them saying, “We apprehend that some misfortune may overtake us.”So, it is likely that Allah may bring victory or something else from His own side, whereupon they will become regretful over what they concealed in their hearts.
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Commentary

And when he explained this, it became a reason for distinguishing the pure and correct from the fraudulent and sickly. He said: ﴿So you will see﴾; meaning: it results from the fact that Allah does not guide their supporters that you see ﴿those in whose hearts is a disease﴾; meaning: corruption in religion; like Ibn Ubayy and his companions - may Allah disgrace them -; ﴿they hasten﴾; meaning: due to reliance on them instead of Allah; ﴿in them﴾; meaning: in supporting the people of the Book; until they become, due to their close association with them, as if they are enveloped by them; as if this prohibitive speech was an incitement for them; and they argue with what only a sickly person in religion would argue, by looking at the mere reason for victory when fearing the calamity; ﴿they say﴾; meaning: saying - relying on them while they are enemies of Allah; as an excuse for their support of them -: ﴿We fear﴾; meaning: we fear a great fear; ﴿that a calamity may strike us﴾; meaning: a calamity surrounding us; and the calamities are those which are feared; and the calamities are those which are hoped for.

And when He - glorified and exalted is He - established this proof that defines the pure from the fraudulent, their action for the pure became a reason for hoping for something from Allah; by which He supports His religion; either victory or otherwise; of which His knowledge encompasses; and His power constitutes; it will be a reason for their regret; therefore He said: ﴿So perhaps Allah﴾; meaning: the One who is greater than Him; so victory is sought only from Him; ﴿will bring about victory﴾; meaning: by manifesting the religion over the enemies; ﴿or a matter from Him﴾ (p-189) by taking them through killing by your hands; or by expelling the Jews from the land of the Arabs; or by other than that; so the veil will be lifted from them.

And when the calamity at dawn is greater; He expressed it this way; although the intended meaning is general; He said: ﴿So they will become﴾; meaning: it results from the lifting of their veil that they will become; and the best in its establishment is what Abu Talib al-Abdi mentioned in the explanation of the clarification for al-Farisi; that it is a response to "perhaps"; associating it with desire; because it is for hope; and it is close to it; and it is improved that the victory and their regret resulting from it is impossible for them; so the establishment is an indication of what they conceal from that; and it is similar to what will come - if Allah wills - in the explanation of the reading of Hafs from Asim in "Ghafir"; ﴿So I will expose﴾ [Ghafir: 37]; with the establishment; ﴿about what they concealed﴾; and when secrecy cannot be except for what is feared to be revealed as corruption; and it is applied to what circulates among a specific group in the manner of concealing from others; it clarifies that it is more precise than that and that in reality their fear prevented them from its consequences; and it deceived them to reveal it to the outside; so He said: ﴿in themselves﴾; meaning: from the possibility of erasing this religion; and manifesting other than it over it; ﴿regretting﴾; meaning: firmly established for them the ultimate regret; in the morning and otherwise.

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