He said, "Indeed, it is the sacred land; it is forbidden to them due to their sayings and actions. No one who said this statement or approved of it will enter it. Rather, they will remain for forty years. Then he began - in response to the one whose thoughts diverged in understanding their condition during these forty years and their place in the land - his saying: "They will wander"; meaning: they will walk in confusion in the land until they all perish. The wandering is the desolate place that confuses its traveler, causing him to stray from the path of his destination. It has been narrated that they spent this duration in six farsakhs, walking diligently every day, then they would walk back to the place from which they had come. Then, he caused to be mentioned regarding his informing them of their punishment his saying: "So do not grieve"; meaning: do not be saddened by a despairing sadness over the people; meaning: the strong in body, the weak in heart; "the disobedient"; meaning: those who have exited the bounds of obedience. Then after their destruction, their children who grew up in the wandering will enter it, for their safety from the crookedness of their natures which the land of the Pharaohs had clothed them with. For I have written it for the Children of Israel, and I did not inform of their specification - even though they were specified in My knowledge - as My wisdom required. In this story is the clearest evidence of their breaking the covenants upon which the surah was built, seeking to fulfill them; it was opened with it, and it was explicitly stated that it was taken from them in His saying: "And indeed Allah took the covenant from the Children of Israel" [Al-Ma'idah: 12] until He said: "And you believed in My messengers and supported them" [Al-Ma'idah: 12]; and in that is a consolation for the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, regarding what they do with him; and a reminder to him of the blessing upon his people through guidance; and an encouragement for those among them who obeyed; and a warning for those who disobeyed. And everyone who said that saying or approved of it died during those forty years, even the ten leaders. And the cloud would shade them from the heat of the sun, and there would be a column of light for them at night, illuminating here for them; and other than this from the blessings; for the prevention through wandering was a discipline for them, not anger; for they repented.

The explanation of this story is from what is before them in the Torah; and the mention of some of what He punished them with for their sins. It is said in the fourth book of it: (And the Lord spoke to Moses; and said to him: Send a group of men to scout the land that has been given to the Children of Israel; so Moses sent them from the wilderness of Paran; men from the leaders of the Children of Israel - twelve men - among them were Caleb son of Jephunneh; and Joshua son of Nun; and Moses called Joshua son of Nun by the name Joshua; and he sent them to inquire about the land of Canaan; and said to them: Know the report of the people who are in it; is it strong or weak? Is it many or few? And what is the report of the land in which they dwell; is it fertile or not? Is there a tree in it or not? And in another version: And what are the cities in which they dwell? And are they fortified or not? And be strong and take from the fruits of the land; so they went up and scouted the land; and they took from the wilderness of Zin; until they reached Rahab which is at the entrance of Hamath; and they went up to the south; and came to Hebron - and in another version: Hebron - and there were the sons of the giants; then they came to the valley of clusters; and cut a branch from the vine; in it was a cluster of grapes; and two men carried it on a pole; and they called the name of that place the valley of clusters; for that reason; and they took from the pomegranate and the fig as well; and they returned to Moses after forty nights to the wilderness of Paran to Rekem; and they informed Moses and the whole congregation of the report of the land; and they said: We went; and behold, the land flows with milk and honey; and these are its fruits; but the people who are in the land are strong; and their cities are large and fortified; and we saw there the sons of the giants; then it was mentioned that the Canaanites are on the coast of the sea to the Jordan River; they said: And we were like grasshoppers in their sight; thus we saw ourselves; and the whole congregation raised their voices and wept; and they wept that night with a great weeping; and all the Children of Israel grumbled against Moses and Aaron on that day; and they complained against them; and the assemblies of all the Children of Israel said to them: Would that we had died in the land of Egypt by the hand of the Lord; and would that we had died in this wilderness; and the Lord would not bring us into the land in which we are to be killed; and our livestock and our families would be taken; it would have been better for us to die in the land of Egypt; and every man among them said to his brother: Let us gather together so that we may appoint a leader over us; and return to the land of Egypt; so Moses and Aaron fell on their faces before the whole congregation of the Children of Israel; but Joshua son of Nun; and Caleb son of Jephunneh; who were among the scouts; said: The land is very fertile; if the Lord wills, He will give it to us; for it is a land that flows with butter and honey; so do not disobey the Lord; and do not be tempted; and do not fear the people of this land; for their inhabitants are given to us like food to eat; and know that their strong ones will weaken; and their strength will depart from them; and we are the victors; for the Lord is with us; so do not be afraid of them; and the glory of the Lord appeared in the cloud at the tent of meeting before the Children of Israel; and the Lord said to Moses: How long will this people provoke Me? And how long will they not believe in Me? Have they not seen all the signs that I have performed among them? I will strike them with death; and I will destroy them; and I will make you a nation greater than this; and mightier than them; so Moses said before the Lord: The Egyptians will hear, for You brought this people out from among them by Your might; and they will say to the inhabitants of this land as well, who have heard that You are the Lord of this people; for if You kill this people all at once as one man; the nations that have heard of Your fame will say: Indeed, the Lord was not able to bring this people into the land which He promised them; therefore He killed them in the wilderness; so let Your power be great now, O Lord, as You have promised; and You said, O Lord (p-83) You are the One of love and grace; You forgive sin and iniquity; and You purify whom You will; forgive, O Lord, as You have forgiven them since they left the land of Egypt until now; so the Lord said to Moses: I have forgiven them according to your word; but I am alive, the Ever-Living; I swear by that; and by My glory which has filled the whole earth that all the men who have seen My glory and the signs which I have shown them in Egypt and in the wilderness; and have tested Me ten times; and have not obeyed Me and have not accepted My words; they shall not see the land which I swore to their fathers that I would give them; nor shall any of those who have provoked Me enter it; so turn back tomorrow; and journey to the way of the Red Sea; and the Lord said: How long will this wicked congregation be forgiven before Me? By Myself I swear that you will become what you have said; and as you have thought, that will befall you in this wilderness; so your carcasses shall fall in it; and your bodies shall decay; and all your number shall perish; and your count; from twenty years old and above; because you have troubled and grumbled against Me; you shall not enter the land which I raised My hand to bring you into; and none shall enter it except Caleb son of Jephunneh and Joshua son of Nun; and as for your livestock which you said: They will be taken; and your children who do not know good from evil; they shall enter the land; and I will bring them to it; and I will give them the land as an inheritance; but as for your carcasses, they shall fall and decay in this wilderness.

And your children will remain wandering in this wilderness for forty years; they will be punished until your corpses perish in this wilderness, according to the number of the days that the spies explored the land; for every day is a year; (p-84) and you will be punished for your sin; for every day is a year; forty years for forty days; so you will know that I only did this because of your complaints before Me; I am the Lord; I said: Thus will I deal with this wicked assembly that has gathered before Me; they will perish in this wilderness; they will all die; and the people whom Moses sent to explore the land for him; they turned back and rebelled against him; and they corrupted the entire assembly; and that was because they informed the people with a bad report about the land; and the people who reported the bad news died suddenly before the Lord; but Joshua and Caleb escaped death; and they did not perish with those who explored the land; so Moses informed the Children of Israel of these words; and they sat in great sorrow; and they said: We are going up to the place that the Lord commanded and we acknowledge our sins; Moses said to them: Know that you will not succeed; and your matter will not be completed; do not go up; for the Lord is not with you; lest your enemies defeat you; for if you go up, you will be defeated; and you will be killed; because you have angered the Lord; and you turned away from His saying; therefore the Lord will not be with you; so the people went up to the top of the mountain; but the Ark of the Covenant of the Lord and Moses the Prophet did not depart from the camp; and the Amalekites who dwell in that mountain came down and fought against them; and they defeated them; and they killed a great number of them; and drove them to Hormah); and it was mentioned before that in the second book; and before their disobedience concerning the spies; their fighting in Rephidim; and the record of the Amalekites; so he said what is its text: And indeed the Amalekites came to fight the Children of Israel at Rephidim; so Moses said to Joshua: (p-85) Choose a man from among the strong and mighty; and go out with us to fight the Amalekites tomorrow; and I will stand on the top of the hill; and the staff of God in my hand; so Joshua did as Moses told him; and went out to fight the Amalekites; and Moses and Aaron and Hur went up to the top of the hill; and whenever Moses raised his hand, the Children of Israel prevailed; and whenever he lowered his hand, the Amalekites prevailed; and Moses' hands grew weary; so he took a stone and put it under him; then he sat on it; and Aaron and Hur supported his hands; one on one side and the other on the other side; until the sun set; so Joshua defeated the Amalekites and those with him; and they killed them with the edge of the sword; and the Lord said to Moses: Write this matter in the book; and place it before Joshua son of Nun; for I will utterly blot out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven; so he built an altar to the Lord; and called its name 'The Lord is My Banner'; then he said: And he sent messengers from Rephidim to the king of Edom saying: We are camping in Rephidim - the village that is on the border of his land - and we ask his permission to pass through his land; but he threatened them with battle; so they said: We will not drink water from you except for a price; so he said: Do not pass through my border; and he came out to them with a great army; and sharp weapons; so the Children of Israel turned away from him and departed (p-86) from Rephidim; and all the Children of Israel came to Hor the mountain; where Aaron died; then Moses and Eleazar descended from the mountain; and all the assemblies of the Children of Israel saw that Aaron had died; and all the Children of Israel wept for Aaron thirty days; and the Canaanite king of Arad who dwelt in the Negev heard that the Children of Israel had come by the way of the spies; and he fought against them; and took some of them captive; so the Children of Israel vowed a vow to the Lord; and they said: If You will deliver this people into our hands, O Lord, and strengthen us against him; we will make their cities a ban for the Lord; so the Lord heard the voices of the Children of Israel; and He delivered the Canaanites to them; and strengthened them against them; and they defeated them; and killed them; and made their cities a ban for the Lord; and they called the name of that land a ban; so the people departed from Hor the mountain on the way to the Red Sea to go around the land of Edom; and the souls of the people became discouraged because of the way; and they became weary; and the people complained against God; and against Moses; and they said: Why have you brought us up from Egypt? To die in a place where there is no bread or water; our souls are weary from the lack of food; so God sent fiery serpents among them; and they bit the people; and many of the people of Israel died; so they gathered to Moses; and they said: We have sinned when we complained against the Lord; and against you; pray before the Lord that He may take away the serpents from us; so Moses prayed; and the Lord said to him: Make a serpent of bronze like the serpent; and lift it up on a pole; and it shall be that everyone who is bitten, when he looks at the bronze serpent, (p-87) he shall live; so he did that; and the Children of Israel departed; and they camped at Aboth; then they journeyed from Aboth and camped at the spring of the Hebrews which is in the wilderness before the land of Moab; on the eastern side; and where the sun rises; then they departed from there; and camped in the valley of Zared; and they journeyed from there; and camped across the Arnon in the wilderness; before the land of Moab on both sides; which comes out from the border of the Amorites; and it is in the border of the Moabites; and therefore it is said in the book of 'The Wars of the Lord': A gift in the valley of Zared and the mouth of the valleys that incline to the inhabitants of Ar; which ends at the border of the Moabites; then the Children of Israel sent messengers to Sihon; king of the Amorites; and they said to him: We will pass through your land without touching your field; nor vineyard; nor will we drink from the water of your gardens; but we will stick to the main road until we pass through your land; but Sihon refused; and gathered all his armies; and went out to the wilderness; and fought against the Children of Israel; and the Children of Israel killed Sihon and his companions; and they inherited his land; and ascended to the land of Jazer; and Og, king of Jazer (p-88) came out to them, he and his armies; to fight them at Edrei; and the Lord said to Moses: Do not fear him, for I have delivered him into your hand and will deliver all his people and his land into your hand; so do to him as you did to Sihon, king of the Amorites; so when they fought him, he was killed along with his sons; and all his people; and none remained of them; so the Children of Israel departed; and camped in the plains of Moab which are by the Jordan near Jericho; then he mentioned the story of Balaam son of Beor and others; and he said: Then the Lord said to Moses: Go up to this mountain; the mountain of the Hebrews; and look at the land of Canaan which I have given to the Children of Israel; and when you see it, your people will gather with you; and go to what your fathers have gone to as Aaron your brother has gone; so Moses spoke before the Lord; and said: Let the Lord appoint a man over the assembly who will go out and come in before them; and will bring them in and bring them out; so that the assembly of the Lord will not be like sheep which have no shepherd; so the Lord said to Moses: Take Joshua son of Nun, a man in whom is the Spirit of grace; and lay your hand upon him; and set him before Eleazar the priest; before all the assembly; and give him some of your glory; so that all the assembly of the Children of Israel will obey him; and he will stand before Eleazar the priest to inquire of the Lord for his needs and ordinances; and the Children of Israel will keep his saying; (p-89) and concerning his saying they will go out; and concerning his saying they will come in; and Moses did as the Lord commanded concerning Joshua and others - then he mentioned some things from the offerings; and the feasts; and the opening of Midian; and the remainder of the story of Balaam; and others; then he said: And the livestock of the Children of Reuben and the Children of Gad were very numerous; and they looked at Jazer and the land of Gilead that it was a place suitable for livestock; so they said to Moses: If we have found grace and mercy in your sight, give this land to your servants as a possession; and do not bring us across the Jordan; so Moses said: Will your brothers go out to battle while you remain here? Why do you break the hearts of your brothers so that they do not go across to the land which the Lord has given them as a possession?! Thus your fathers also did; so the Lord's anger was kindled against them; and He swore that no one of them would see the land which I swore to their fathers; because they did not complete My saying; and did not follow My command; except for Caleb son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite and Joshua son of Nun; indeed they completed the saying of the Lord; so the Lord's anger was kindled against the Children of Israel; and He caused them to wander in the wilderness for forty years; until the generation of the men who provoked the Lord perished; and you today also want the Lord's anger to descend upon the Children of Israel; and if you turn away from the command of the Lord, He will return to cause you to wander in the wilderness; so you will corrupt all this people; (p-90) so the people drew near to him and said: We will build here cities for our families; and pens for our livestock; and we will arm ourselves before the Children of Israel until we bring them to their places; and we will not return to our homes until every man of the Children of Israel inherits his inheritance; and we will not inherit with them who crossed the Jordan; and what is behind that; for we have received our inheritance in the land of the Jordan in the east; so Moses said to them: If you do this deed and arm yourselves before your God; then you will return and bring your land; and the Children of Israel will be pleased with you; and this land will become your inheritance; and if you do not do this, you will become a sin before the Lord; and know that your sins will overtake you; then he said: And this is a sin concerning the Children of Israel; when they went out from the land of Egypt; so he mentioned what was mentioned in 'Al-Baqarah'; then he said: And they journeyed from the grave of lust and camped at Hazeroth; and they departed from Hazeroth and camped at Rithmah; and they journeyed from Rithmah and camped at Rimmon Perez; and they departed from Rimmon Perez and camped at Libnah - and in one version: Libunah - (p-91) and they journeyed from Libnah and camped at Arisiah - and in one version: Rasa - and they departed from Arisiah - or Rasa - and camped at Kadesh - and in one version: Biqahath - and they journeyed from Kadesh and camped at Mount Shafar - and in one version: Shafar - and they journeyed from Mount Shafar; and camped at Haradah - and in one version: Haradha - and they journeyed from Haradah - and in one version: Haradha - and camped at Makheloth - and in one version: Mahqeloth - and they departed from Makheloth and camped at Tahath - and they journeyed from Tahath and camped at Tarah; and they journeyed from Tarah and camped at Mithkah; and they journeyed from Mithkah and camped at Hashmonah; and they departed from Hashmonah and camped at Moseroth; and they journeyed from Moseroth and camped at the camp of the Children of Jaakan; and they departed from the camp of the Children of Jaakan and camped at Mount Jidgad; and they journeyed from Jidgad and camped at Udbath - and in one version: Udbatha - and they departed from Udbath and camped at Aijalon - and in one version: Aijalon - and they journeyed from Aijalon and camped at the valley of Moab which is by the Jordan near Jericho - and in one version: and they camped at the western side of Moab by the Jordan opposite Jericho - and they camped on the bank of the Jordan from Ashimoth to Abel Shittim which is at the camp of Moab - and in one version: opposite the western side of Moab.

And the Lord spoke to Moses at the outskirts of Moab by the Jordan, opposite Jericho. He said: Speak to the Children of Israel and tell them: You are to cross the Jordan to the land of Canaan to destroy all the inhabitants of the land. And burn their molded idols' houses. And tear down all their altars. And the land will become yours, and you will inherit it. So divide it among your tribes by lots. And make much for the many according to their numbers, and little for the few according to their numbers. And each tribe according to what the lot rises for it and it is drawn for it. And if you do not destroy the inhabitants of the land from before you, then those who remain of them will be as thorns in your eyes and as snares in your sides. And they will narrow your way in the land in which you dwell. And just as you saw that I dealt with them, so I will deal with you. Thus, divide the land in your inheritances: the land of Canaan with its borders. As for the border of the right side, it will be for you from the shore of the salty sea from the east side. And your border will turn from the right side to the tip of Acrobarim. And it will extend to Sin. And its exits will be from the right side to the place of the coming. And it will go out from there to the enclosure of Edar - and in one version: to Rafah - and it will extend to Asmon to the valley of Egypt. And its exits will be towards the sea. And the boundary of the sea will be your boundary. And the great sea with its borders; this is your boundary from the side of the sea. And as for your boundary from what is next to Jirbaya - and in one version: the north - it will be from the great sea to the marsh of the mountain. And the borders of that will be from the mountain to the entrance of Hamath. And the exits of the mountain will be to Sadad. And the boundary will go out to Zufaron. And its exits will be to the enclosure of Ainain. These are your borders from the side of Jirbaya. And as for your borders from the side of the east, its borders will be from the enclosure of Ainain to Shafam. And the boundary will descend from Shafam to Rabla to the eastern parts of the forest until it reaches the Sea of Kinneret - and in one version: the Dead Sea - from its eastern parts. And it will turn until it descends to the boundary of the Jordan. And its exits will be to the salty sea. These are the borders of the land which you will inherit, as it turns. Then he mentioned the division and some of the rulings. Then he said at the beginning of the fifth book: These are the verses and the sayings that Moses said to the Children of Israel at the crossing of the Jordan in the wilderness in Arabah - and in one version: the desert; which is the western side - facing Suf; between Paran and between Tufal and Laban and Hadrut and Dhahab - and in one version: and the house of gold; which is a reference to the place where they worshipped the calf - a journey of eleven days from Horeb to Seir; and to the place of the coming.

When it was in the year forty from the departure of the Children of Israel from Egypt; in the eleventh month; on the first day of it; Moses spoke to the Children of Israel; and commanded them after they had killed Sihon, the king of the Amorites; and Og, the king of Bashan, in the passage of Jordan in the land of Moab; he said: Indeed, Allah said to us at Horeb: You have stayed long enough at this mountain; rise up and travel from here; and enter the land of the Amorites and all that surrounds it; to the villages; and the mountain; and to the shore of the sea; at the foot of the mountains; and the right side of the land of the Canaanites; and Lebanon to the great river; which is the Euphrates; enter and inherit the land which Allah promised your forefathers; Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, to give it to them; and to inherit it to their descendants after them; then he said: And I commanded you at that time with what you should do; and we departed from Horeb and traveled in the great, terrifying wilderness; as Allah, our Lord, commanded us; and we reached the place of the coming; and I said to you: You have reached the mountain of the Amorites which Allah, our Lord, has given us; ascend and inherit the land as Allah, the Lord of your forefathers, has said to you; do not fear; and do not be dismayed; and you all approached me; and you said: We will send men ahead of us to spy out the land; and inform us of its news; and guide us to the way in which we should go; and the villages which we should enter; so your saying was good in my sight; and I took twelve men from among you; one man from each tribe; and I sent them; and they ascended the mountain until they reached the valley of the cluster; and they explored the land and took from the fruits of the land; and they brought it back and informed us; and they said to us: How fertile is the land which Allah, our Lord, is giving us; and it did not please you to ascend; but you avoided the saying of Allah, your Lord; and you angered Him; and you whispered in your tents; and you said: Because of the hatred of the Lord, He has brought us out of the land of Egypt; to deliver us into the hands of the Amorites to destroy us; where shall we ascend?! Our brothers have broken our hearts; and they said: The people are greater and taller than we; and their cities are great and fortified up to heaven; and we saw there the sons of giants; and I said to you: Do not be afraid; and do not be dismayed by them; for indeed Allah, your Lord, is the one who goes before you; and He fights for you; as He did for you in the land of Egypt; and in the wilderness.

As you have seen, he has ransomed you as a father ransoms his son in all the land that you have traversed; until you reached this land. By this saying, you did not believe that Allah, your Lord, completes for you that He walks before you on the path to prepare for you a place to dwell in; is He not the One who showed you a path to walk in at night by fire; and shaded you by day from the heat of the sun with clouds? And your Lord heard your words and your voices and became angry; and He swore and said: No one from these people - the people of this wicked generation - will see the fertile land which I swore to give to their forefathers, except Caleb son of Jephunneh; indeed, I will give him the land that he walked in; and I will make his children inherit it; because he fulfilled the saying of the Lord; and completed His command; and He said to me: And you also will not enter it; but Joshua son of Nun who serves you, he will enter there; strengthen and support him; because he is the one who will make the children of Israel inherit the fertile land which I promised their forefathers to give them; and as for your livestock which you said: They will be taken; and your children who do not know good from evil; they will enter there; and to them I will give it; and they will inherit it; as for you, accept and depart to the wilderness on the way to the Sea of Suf; so you replied to me and said: We have wronged; and we have sinned before Allah our Lord; we are ascending; and striving; as He told us; and each of you armed himself with his weapon; and you prepared to ascend to the mountain; and the Lord said to me: Warn them; and say to them: Do not ascend; and do not strive; because I am not among you; lest your enemies defeat you; and I said and you did not accept; you avoided the saying of the Lord; and you angered Him; and you dared; and you ascended to the mountain; so the Amorites who dwell in that mountain came out to meet you; and they drove you away as the hornets are driven away by smoke; and they pushed you from Seir to Hormah; and you sat and wept; and the Lord did not hear your voices; so you wept before the Lord for many days; during which you did not remain; so we came; and we departed in the wilderness on the way to the Sea of Suf; as the Lord said; and we wandered around the mountain of Seir for many days; and the Lord said to me: Your wandering around this mountain has been long enough; turn to the direction of the wilderness; so advance to the people; and say to them: You will pass through the territory of your brothers, the children of Esau - and in another version: the children of Isaac - who dwell in Seir; take care not to provoke them.

Because I do not give you an inheritance from their land, nor a place for a foot; buy food from them for your eating; and draw water from them with silver for your drinking; and may Allah, your Lord, bless you; and bless you in all that your hands have done; as it is known that He governed you in this wilderness for forty years; Allah, your Lord, as long as He is with you, nothing will be lacking for you; and we passed the way of the Arabah - and in one version: the wilderness - and Ailah; and we approached and passed in the wilderness to the way of Moab; and the Lord said to me: Do not distress the Moabites; and do not fight them; because I do not give you an inheritance from their land; rather, I have made this land an inheritance for the children of Lot; this which was inhabited by the Ammonites first; a people that was great; the Moabites used to call them Ammon; as for Seir, its inhabitants were the Huranians first; and the children of Esau inherited it; so now arise and pass through the valley of Zered; so we passed through the valley of Zered at that time; and the number of days that we traveled from Rekem until we passed through the valley of Zered was thirty-eight years; until all the valiant men perished; the people of that era from the army of the children of Israel; as the Lord had sworn to them; because the hand of the Lord was upon them until they perished; and when they died from the people, the Lord spoke to me; and said to me: You are permitted today to go to the boundary of Moab; and you draw near to the boundary of the children of Ammon; so do not confront them; I do not give you an inheritance from the land of the children of Ammon; because I have made it an inheritance for the children of Lot; so rise and travel; and pass through the valley of Arnon; indeed, I have delivered to you Sihon, the king of the Amorites; so fight him; and destroy his companions; for I will begin to put your fear and dread upon the people since this day; and upon all the nations that are under heaven; until when they hear your news, they will tremble; and be in dread of you; and you sent messengers from the wilderness of Kedemoth to Sihon, the king of Heshbon, with good words; and with peace; and you said to him: We will pass through your land and walk along the great road; we will not turn to the right or to the left; we will buy food from you with silver for our eating; and likewise we will buy water for our drinking at a price; so let us pass through, traveling on the road; as the children of Esau who are in Seir did; and the Moabites who are in Ar; until we pass through the Jordan to the land which Allah, our Lord, gives us; and Sihon, the king of Heshbon, was not pleased that we should pass through his boundary; because Allah, your Lord, hardened his heart; and made his spirit obstinate; to deliver him into your hands; and he came out to us, he and all his armies, to fight us at Jahaz; so the Lord delivered him into our hands; and we killed him and all his armies; and we opened his cities; and we destroyed all who were in his cities; and there remained not a single one of them; and we destroyed their women; and their children; and there remained not a single one of them from the boundary of Aror, which is by the boundary of the valley; and the village which is in the valley; and to Gilead; we did not miss a village; rather, Allah, our Lord, delivered them all into our hands; as for the land of the children of Ammon, we did not approach it; and all that was on the valley of Jabbok and the villages of the mountains as well; and all that Allah, our Lord, commanded us; then we approached and ascended to the land of Mattin; and Og, the king of Mattin, came out to us; he and all his people to fight us at Edrei; and the Lord said to me: Do not fear, for I have delivered him into your hands; and I have given you all his armies and his land; and we killed them and there remained not a single one of them; and we took all his villages at that time; and we did not miss a village except that we took it from them; sixty villages; all the region of Argob; all the villages that had their walls built; fortified with strong gates; and we devoted them as we did with Sihon; and we took the land at that time from the two kings of the Amorites who were at the passage of the Jordan from the valley of Arnon to the mountain of Hermon; as for the Sidonians, they called Hermon Sirion; and as for the Amorites, they called it Senir; and we took all the villages that were in the wilderness; and all Gilead and all Mattin to Salcah and Edrei; all the villages of the kingdom of Og; because Og was the giant who remained alone of the giants; and his bed was of iron; and in the city of the children of Ammon, which is called Rabbah; its length was nine cubits; and its width was four cubits; by the cubit of the giants; and we inherited this land at that time; then he said: I commanded Joshua at that time; and said: You have seen with your own eyes what Allah, your Lord, did to the two kings of the Amorites; thus will the Lord do to all the kingdoms that you will pass to; because Allah, your Lord, is the one who fights for you; and I pleaded with the Lord at that time; and said: I ask You, O my Lord and my God, to show Your greatness to Your servant by Your mighty hand; and by Your great arm; what god in heaven; or on earth; does works like Your works and Your mighty deeds?! Will You permit me now to cross and see the good land that is beyond the Jordan; this good mountain; and Lebanon; and He did not respond to me; and the Lord said to me: Enough for you; do not say this word before Me again; ascend to the top of the hill and lift your eyes to the west and the east; and to the north and the south; and look at it with your eyes; and do not cross this Jordan; and command Joshua; and advance to him; and strengthen him; and support him; for he is the one who will go before this people; and he is the one who will give them the land that you see; and we descended the valley opposite Beth Peor; then he said: And he swore - that is, the Lord - that I will not cross this Jordan nor enter the land which Allah, your Lord, has given you as an inheritance; for I am now dead in this land; and I will not cross this Jordan; as for you, you will cross; and inherit this good land; take heed; do not forget the covenant of your Lord which He made with you; and do not corrupt and take idols and likenesses; for Allah, your Lord, is a consuming fire; and He is a jealous God; and if you beget children; and the children of children; and you become numerous in the land; and take idols; and likenesses; and commit evil before Allah, your Lord; and provoke Him; I call heaven and earth to witness against you that you will perish quickly from the land which you are going to inherit; and your days will not be prolonged in it; and the Lord will scatter you among the nations; and there will remain of you a few in the nations which the Lord will scatter you among; ask about the former days which passed before you since the day Allah created mankind on the earth; from the farthest heaven to its corners; was there ever such a great thing; or has anything like it ever been heard of? Has any other people heard the voice of Allah speaking from the fire; as you have heard? And tested Allah who took them as a people from the peoples by calamities; and signs; and wonders; and wars; and the mighty hand; and the great arm; and by the great visions; as Allah did to the people of Egypt towards you; and you have seen and known that Allah is the Lord of all things; and there is no god besides Him; He made you hear His voice from heaven; to teach you; and showed you His great fire; and you heard His words from the fire; and for His love for your fathers, He chose their offspring after them; and brought you out in His might from Egypt; to destroy before you nations greater and mightier than you; to bring you in; and give you their land as an inheritance; that you may know this day; and incline your hearts; for the Lord is God in heaven above; and on the earth below; and there is no god besides Him; keep His statutes; and His commandments which He commanded you this day; that He may bless you and your children after you; and that your days may be prolonged in the land which Allah, your Lord, is giving you for a long time.

These are the testimonies and rulings that Musa related to the Children of Israel; when they exited from the land of Egypt; and they reached the passage of the Jordan in the valley; in the east of the sun; and to the Sea of Arabah to the dams of the Fisjah; then he said after that in the latter part of this book; after he related to them many rulings; and precious wisdom: The Lord brings you to goodness; and makes you rejoice as your fathers rejoiced; and that is if you listen to the words of Allah, your Lord; and you preserve His traditions; and His commandments written in this book; with all your hearts; and your souls; so that this commandment does not remain hidden from you; nor does it disappear; and it is not concealed in the heavens so that you say: Who will ascend to the heavens for us and bring it to us so that we may hear it and act upon it?! And it is not absent from you in the farthest sea so that you say: Who will descend to the sea for us and bring it to us so that we may hear it and act upon it?! But the saying is near to your mouth and your heart, so act upon it; and see that I have set before you today life and goodness; and I have informed you of death and evil; and I command you today to love Allah, your Lord; and to walk in His ways; and to preserve His traditions; and His commandments; and His rulings; that you may live and multiply greatly; and Allah, your Lord, may bless you; and may He increase you in the land which you enter to inherit; and if your heart turns away and you do not listen; and you go astray and follow other gods; and you prostrate to them, then I have made clear to you today that you will perish; and your stay in the land which you cross the Jordan to inherit will not be prolonged; and I have urged you; and I have called upon the heavens and the earth and life and death - and in one version: and I have borne witness against you the heavens and the earth; and I have set before you life and death - and I recited to you the curse and the prayer; so choose life that you may live, you and your offspring; if you love Allah, your Lord; and you listen to His words; and you adhere to His worship; for it is your life; and the length of your days; and you may dwell in the land which the Lord swore to your fathers and promised Ibrahim and Ishaq and Yaqub to give you; then Musa went; and spoke to the Children of Israel; and related to them all these words; and said to them: Today is one hundred and twenty years; and I am not able to enter and exit anymore; and the Lord said: Indeed, you will not cross this Jordan; for Allah, your Lord, is the one who crosses before you; and He will destroy these nations from before you; and you will inherit them; and Yusha is the one who crosses before you; as the Lord said; and the Lord will do to them as He did to Sihon and 'Og, the kings of the Amorites; whom He destroyed; and Allah, your Lord, will defeat them from before you; so do with them then what I have commanded you; so be strong; and be courageous; and do not fear; and do not be dismayed; and let not your hearts be terrified by them; for Allah, your Lord, is going before you; He will not forsake you; nor will He reject you; and Musa called Yusha ibn Nun; and said to him before the assembly of the Children of Israel: Be strong and courageous; for you are the one who will bring this people into the land which Allah swore to their fathers to give them; and you will inherit it to their children; and the Lord is going before you; and He will be with you; He will not forsake you nor reject you; so do not fear; and do not be dismayed; and let not your heart be terrified; and Musa wrote this Torah; and its traditions and gave it to the priests; the sons of Levi; who carry the Ark of the Covenant of the Lord; and to all the elders of the Children of Israel; then he said: And the Lord spoke to Musa on that day; and said to him: Ascend to this mountain of the Abarim; this mountain of Nebo which is in the land of Moab opposite Jericho; and look at the land of Canaan which I have given to the Children of Israel as a heritage; and you shall die there; in the mountain which you ascend to; and be gathered to your people; as your brother Harun died on the mountain; and was gathered to his people; then he said in the last part of this book; which is the last of the Torah: So Musa went from Abarim - and in one version: from the wilderness of Moab - to the mountain of Nebo to the top of the peak which is opposite the face of Jericho; and Allah showed him all the Gilead to Dan and all the land of Naphtali; and all the land of Ephraim and Manasseh; and all the land of Judah; to the furthest sea; and the wilderness; and what is around the area of the town of Jericho; the city of palms; to Zoar; so Allah said to Musa: Indeed, this is the land which I swore to Ibrahim; and Ishaq; and Yaqub; and I said: Indeed, I will give it to your descendants; I have shown it to you with your own eyes; but as for you, you will not enter it; and the servant of Allah, Musa, died in the land of Moab; by the command of the Lord; and he was buried - meaning in the land of Moab - opposite the house of Peor; and no one knows his burial place to this day; and Musa - at the time of his death - was one hundred and twenty years old; his sight had not weakened; nor had he aged greatly; and the Children of Israel mourned for Musa in Abarim - and in one version: in the wilderness of Moab - for thirty days; and the days of mourning for the funeral of Musa were completed and Yusha ibn Nun was filled with the spirit of wisdom; for Musa had laid his hand upon him; and the Children of Israel obeyed him; and they complied with what the Lord commanded Musa.

I have finished what I wanted regarding the news of the trial; and what is connected to that is their equality with all people in punishment due to sins; and the kindness towards acts of obedience; which destroys their status as sons and beloved ones.

And in it, there is something that needs explanation: the Jirbiyy; which is attributed to the Jirbiyah - with the jīm being broken; and the muwaḥḥadah; between them is a silent ghunnah; then a long tā' that is pronounced; which is the direction of the north; and the taymun - with the fawqāniyyah being opened and the taḥtāniyyah being silent and the mīm being pronounced; which is the horizon of Yemen; that corresponds to the north; so the intended meaning is the south; and in it is a decisive argument for them against the denial of abrogation in their matter by the text of the Torah; by entering the Sacred House; then their prohibition from that when they disobeyed; for he said: (Ascend and inherit the land; as Allah, the Lord of your forefathers, has told you; do not fear; nor be dismayed); and when they disobeyed this command and Moses - blessings and peace be upon him - informed them of Allah's anger upon them; and His punishment with wandering; they intended to comply with the command in ascending; as a repentance; so Moses - blessings and peace be upon him - said to them: And my Lord said to me: (Warn them; and say to them: Do not ascend; nor fight; for I am not among you; lest your enemies defeat you); this is its text; so refer to it; and as for the entry of their children into the land of Jerusalem; and their overpowering of its people; and their settling in its land; as a confirmation of Allah's promises at the hands of Joshua son of Nun - blessings and peace be upon him - it will be mentioned, if Allah wills, glorified and exalted is He, at His saying in Surah Yunus - blessings and peace be upon him -: ﴿And indeed We settled the Children of Israel in a good settlement﴾ [Yunus: 93]; but I will present here from the matter of Joshua after Moses - blessings and peace be upon them - and with Allah's assistance - what is built upon some of the connections of the verse that follows; Al-Baghawi said: So Joshua - meaning Joshua - directed with the Children of Israel to Jericho and with him the Ark of the Covenant; so he surrounded it for six months; then they blew in the trumpets; and the people shouted with one voice; so the wall of the city fell; and they entered; and fought the giants; and killed them; and the fighting was on the day of Friday; and a remnant of them remained; and the sun was about to set; and the night of Saturday was approaching; so he said: O Allah, return the sun to me; so it was returned to him; and an hour was added to the day; then he killed them all; and pursued the kings of the Levant; and he conquered thirty-one kings from them; until he dominated all the land of the Levant; and he distributed his officials in its regions; and gathered the spoils; so the fire did not descend; so Allah revealed to Joshua that there was a betrayal in it; so command them to pledge allegiance to you; so they pledged allegiance to him; and the hand of a man from them stuck to his hand; so he said: Bring what you have! So he brought him the head of a bull made of gold; adorned with jewels and gems; and he placed it in the offering; and placed the man with him; so the fire came and consumed the man; and the offering; it ended; and I saw in the history of the prophethood of Joshua after the death of Moses - blessings and peace be upon them - what might contradict this in the months; and the land; as for the months, he made them seven days; and as for the land where the sun stood still, it is Gibeon; not Jericho; for he said, and its text is: (The Lord said to Joshua: Look; indeed, I have given Jericho into your hand; and its king; and all its soldiers; let all the fighting men surround the city; and circle the city once on that day; and do this for six days; and let seven of the priests carry seven trumpets before the Ark; and let them shout before the Ark; until when the seventh day comes, circle the city seven times; and let the priests blow the trumpets; and when the trumpets sound; and you hear their voices; let all the people shout with a great shout; then the wall of the city will fall down in its place; and let the people ascend, every man straight ahead); it ended. Then he mentioned their compliance with Allah's command; and their conquering of Jericho; as Allah said; and as for the city where the sun was returned, it is Gibeon; and that is because he mentioned after the conquest of Jericho that the inhabitants of Gibeon; and they are the Gibeonites; made peace with Joshua by a trick they did; then he said: And these are the names of their villages: Gibeon; and Kaphira; and Beeroth; and Kiriath-jearim; so when Adonizedek, the king of Jerusalem, heard of this, he was greatly afraid; because Gibeon was a great city; like one of the royal cities; and its men were mighty warriors; so he sent to Hoham, the king of Hebron - and in another place: Hebron - and to Piram, the king of Jarmuth; and to Japhia, the king of Lachish; and to Debir, the king of Eglon - and some of the Jews said to me: The intended meaning of this is Ajalon - and he said to them: Ascend to help me against the people of Gibeon; for they have made peace with Joshua; so the five kings of the Amorites gathered; and all their armies; and they descended upon Gibeon; so the people of Gibeon sent to Joshua; and Joshua ascended from Gilgal; he and all the mighty men of the people; and Allah revealed to Joshua: Do not fear; nor be dismayed by them; for I have delivered them into your hand; so he came upon them suddenly; for he ascended from Gilgal; all night; and the Lord defeated them before the children of Israel and inflicted many wounds upon them in Gibeon which is in Hauran; and they fled on the way of the ascent of Hauran and they continued to kill them until Azekah and Makkedah; so when those who remained from them fled; and descended the ascent of Hauran, the Lord rained upon them large hailstones from the sky to Azekah; and they all died; so those who died by the hailstones were more than those who were killed; then Joshua stood before the Lord praying on the day the Lord delivered the Amorites into the hands of the children of Israel; and he said: O sun, stand still at Gibeon; and O moon, do not depart from the valley of Aijalon; so the sun stood still; and the moon stopped; until the people took revenge upon their enemies; and this miracle was written in the Book of Jashar; for the sun stood in the midst of the sky; and did not hasten to set; and the day became a complete day; and there had been no day like that before it or after it; it ended.

The Prophet ﷺ mentioned this story; the two Shaykhs narrated: Al-Bukhari in Al-Khams (the five) and Al-Nikah (marriage), and Muslim in Al-Maghazi (the campaigns) from Abu Huraira - may Allah be pleased with him - who said: The Prophet ﷺ said: "A Prophet from the Prophets went on a campaign; he said to his people: 'Let no man follow me who has married a woman and intends to consummate the marriage with her but has not yet done so; nor anyone who has built houses but has not raised their roofs; nor anyone who has bought sheep or goats and is waiting for their offspring.' So he went on the campaign; and when he approached the village at the time of the Asr prayer, or close to that, he said to the sun: 'You are commanded, and I am commanded; O Allah, hold it back for us.' So it was held back until Allah granted him victory; he gathered the spoils; then the fire came to consume them, but it did not eat them. He said: 'Indeed, among you is treachery; let a man from each tribe pledge allegiance to me.' Then a man's hand stuck to his hand; he said: 'Among you is the treachery; let your tribe pledge allegiance to me.' Then the hands of two or three men stuck to his hand; he said: 'Among you is the treachery.' They brought a head like the head of a cow made of gold; they placed it down; then the fire came and consumed it; then Allah made the spoils lawful for us; He saw some of our weakness and inability; so He made it lawful for us."

And in the narration of the Musnad by the Hafiz Nur al-Din al-Haythami from Abu Huraira - may Allah be pleased with him - who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Indeed, the sun has not been held back for anyone except for Joshua; the nights he traveled to Bayt al-Maqdis." He said: And it is in the Sahih; and I did not see in it a restriction as here; and in the Sirah of Ibn Ishaq, there is something that contradicts it; he said: Yunus narrated to us from Al-Asbat ibn Nasr al-Hamdani from Ismail ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Qurashi who said: "When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was taken on the Night Journey and informed his people of the elevation and the sign of what was in the caravan, they said: 'When will it come?' He said: 'On Wednesday.' So when that day came, Quraysh came to watch; and the day passed and it did not come; then the Prophet ﷺ prayed; and an hour was added to the day for him; and the sun was held back for him; and the sun was not returned to anyone except for the Messenger of Allah - blessings and peace be upon him - and for Joshua ibn Nun when he fought the tyrants on Friday.