Tafsir for verse: 5:112
إِذۡ قَالَ ٱلۡحَوَارِيُّونَ يَٰعِيسَى ٱبۡنَ مَرۡيَمَ هَلۡ يَسۡتَطِيعُ رَبُّكَ أَن يُنَزِّلَ عَلَيۡنَا مَآئِدَةٗ مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِۖ قَالَ ٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ١١٢ ﴿112
112When the disciples said, “O ‘Īsā, son of Maryam, can your Lord send down to us a repast from the heavens?” He said, “Fear Allah if you are believers.”
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Commentary

And when it was intended by mentioning the miracles of Jesus - peace be upon him - to alert the disbeliever to believe; and the believer to increase in faith; and to console the Prophet - blessings and peace be upon him -; and to reprimand the Jews who claim that they are the children and beloved ones; and other than that which Allah intended; the ears were struck by it; and it was not related to what he will respond with on the Day of Resurrection regarding this matter; so it was omitted; and when the most noble of the objectives was the discipline of this nation for its Prophet - peace be upon him - so that they may honor him by not beginning with a question; or suggesting something to him in any of the situations; he mentioned to them the affair of the disciples in their suggestion; after having praised them by counting them among the people of revelation; and their initiative to believe; in compliance with the command; then to bear witness as a means of confirmation; with complete submission; and the removal of choice; he said - commenting with 'They said, We have believed'; bringing closer the time of their obstinacy from the time of their faith; reminding this nation of its preservation of obedience; and reproaching the Children of Israel for their frequent changes; and their lack of steadfastness; distancing them from the degree of love; let alone sonship; and this story is before the story of the revelation to them; so this 'when' is an adverb for that; and the revelation to them with the command to believe at the time of their asking this after his beginning; and its benefit is to preserve them from asking for another sign; as they asked for this one; after they saw from him - blessings and peace be upon him - the signs -: 'When he said'; and he repeated their description; and did not conceal it; specifying them for the distance of what is mentioned of their condition now from their earlier condition; so he said: 'The disciples'; and mentioned that they called him by his name; and the name of his mother; saying: 'O Jesus, son of Mary'; and they did not say: O Messenger of Allah; nor O Spirit of Allah; and similar to this from the glorification; or the magnification; 'Can your Lord' - with the 'ya'; attributed to the Lord; and with the 'ta' that is above; attributed to Jesus - peace be upon him -; and the mention of the Lord; and their meanings are one; returning to the incitement; and the stimulation; because of the striving in supplication; so that the response may occur; and this expression is also for gentleness; as a person says to one whom he honors: Can you go with me to such and such? While he knows that he is capable; but he is hinting by that that the asker loves that; and does not want to burden the respondent; 'to send down'; meaning: the Lord who is gracious to you; 'a table spread'; and it is the food; and it is also said: the tray; if it has food on it; and the tray is something placed on which food is served for eating; it is generally like the dining mat for what is placed on it food for the traveler in particular; and it is from 'madda' (to give); and fed him.

And when this was evident that it is heavenly; they stated it explicitly to avoid what he ﷺ had accustomed them to, which is that he calls for a little food; then he blesses it; and Allah extends it; so it suffices for the standing of the people. They said: ﴿from the heavens﴾; meaning: there is no craft of human beings in it; so that we may be distinguished by it from those who preceded us from the nations.

And when the intended purpose of this is to admonish us; and to guide us not to ask our Prophet ﷺ for anything; being content with what our Lord has mercy upon us with, who has had mercy upon us by initiating us; by sending him to us; to connect us to Him - glorified and exalted is He -; and to warn us against being like those who have passed from among the petitioners whose petitioning was the cause of their destruction; this is indicated by the shift from the style of address to the third person; so he said - resuming; guiding to the question from their answer -: ﴿He said﴾; and he did not say: 'I said'; ﴿Fear Allah﴾; meaning: place between yourselves and the anger of the greatest King; who has perfection; a protection that prevents you from daring to propose; ﴿if you are believers﴾; meaning: that He is capable; and that I am His Messenger; so do not act like one whose faith is contingent upon seeing what is proposed from the signs.

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