Tafsir for verse: 5:111
وَإِذۡ أَوۡحَيۡتُ إِلَى ٱلۡحَوَارِيِّـۧنَ أَنۡ ءَامِنُواْ بِي وَبِرَسُولِي قَالُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا وَٱشۡهَدۡ بِأَنَّنَا مُسۡلِمُونَ ١١١ ﴿111
111When I enjoined upon the disciples (of ‘Īsā ), “Believe in Me and in My Messenger,” they said, “We believed. Bear witness that we are the submitting ones.”
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Commentary

Then by His support with the Ansar; those whom He revived their souls with faith; and their bodies with the invention of the food which is customary for preserving the soul; and that is in the story of the Table Spread and others; He said: ﴿And when I inspired﴾; meaning: with an inner inspiration; and by conveying the commands through your tongue outwardly; ﴿to the disciples﴾; meaning: the Ansar; ﴿to believe in Me and in My Messenger﴾; meaning: the one whom I commanded to convey; that is, to convey to the people what I command them with; then He began - clarifying their quick response to make it beloved to them; obeyed among them; by His saying: ﴿They said, We have believed﴾.

And when faith is inward, there must be an evident proof for its establishment; and it was in the context of counting the blessings; and the obedience to the revelation of the Greatest King, they were guided to it by complete submission; the position suited an increase in emphasis; by affirming the third ن in their saying: ﴿And bear witness that we﴾; unlike 'the family of Imran'; ﴿are Muslims﴾; meaning: submissive; they completed submission; so there is no choice for us except what You command us with; and see.. how suitable is the repetition of ﴿when﴾; when reminding with a complete spirit; whether in sense or meaning; and its omission when it is deficient! So He affirmed it when supporting it in the essence of character; and in the perfection necessitating eternal life; and in teaching the Book; and what follows it; which grants eternal life to all who embody His morals; and in the creation of birds; and it is evident; and so on to the end.

The mention of something from what was revealed to him of wisdom in the Gospel: Matthew said: And Jesus was going around the cities and villages; teaching in their synagogues; and proclaiming the good news of the kingdom; and healing every disease; and every sickness; then he said: So when John heard in prison about the works of the Messiah; he sent two of his disciples to him; saying: Are you the coming one or do we look for another? Luke said: And in that hour he healed many of diseases; and sicknesses; and evil spirits; and granted sight to many blind people; so Jesus answered and said to them: 'Go and tell John the things you have seen; and heard; the blind see; the lame walk; the lepers are cleansed; the deaf hear; (p-344) the dead are raised up; the poor have the gospel preached to them; and blessed is he who is not offended because of me.' So when the disciples of John had departed, Jesus began to say to the multitudes concerning John: What did you go out into the wilderness to see? - Luke said: A reed shaken by the wind? - Or what did you go out to see? A man clothed in soft garments? Indeed, those who are gorgeously appareled and live in luxury are in kings' courts; Luke said: For those who are clothed in splendid apparel and live in luxury are in kings' houses - it has ended; but what did you go out to see? A prophet? Yes, I say to you, and more than a prophet. For this is he of whom it is written: Behold, I send my messenger before your face, who will prepare your way before you; truly I say to you; among those born of women there has not risen one greater than John the Baptist; but he who is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he; and all the people who heard him, and the tax collectors justified God, having been baptized with the baptism of John; but the Pharisees and lawyers rejected the will of God for themselves, not having been baptized by him; Matthew said: Then he said: He who has ears to hear, let him hear. To what shall I liken this generation? It is like children sitting in the marketplaces and calling to their companions, saying: We played the flute for you, and you did not dance; we mourned to you, and you did not weep. For John came neither eating nor drinking, and they say: He has a demon. The Son of Man came eating and drinking, and they say: Look, a glutton and a winebibber, a friend of tax collectors and sinners! But wisdom is justified by all her children. At that time Jesus began to upbraid the cities in which most of his mighty works had been done, because they did not repent; and he said: Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the mighty works which were done in you had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes; but I say to you: It will be more tolerable for Tyre and Sidon in the day of judgment than for you. And you, Capernaum, who are exalted to heaven, will be brought down to Hades; for if the mighty works which were done in you had been done in Sodom, it would have remained until this day; and I say to you that it shall be more tolerable for the land of Sodom in the day of judgment than for you.

Then he said: And Jesus moved from there; and entered into their synagogue; and behold, a man there whose hand was withered - and Luke said: his right hand was withered - and they asked him, saying: Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath? He said to them: Which one of you will have a sheep fall into a pit on the Sabbath; and will not hold it and lift it up? How much more valuable is a man than a sheep; therefore it is good to do good on the Sabbath. And Luke said: Then he said to the man with the withered hand: Stand in the midst; and he stood up; and Jesus said to them: I ask you, what is lawful to do on the Sabbath? Good or evil? To save a life or to destroy it? But they were silent; then Matthew said: Then he said to the man: Stretch out your hand; and he stretched it out; and it was restored like the other. Then the Pharisees went out - Mark said: with the Herodians - conspiring against him to destroy him; but Jesus knew it; and moved from there; and a great multitude followed him; and he healed all of them; and he ordered them not to make it known so that what was said by the prophet Isaiah might be fulfilled, saying: Behold my servant whom I have chosen; my beloved in whom my soul is well pleased; I will put my Spirit upon him; and he will declare judgment to the Gentiles; he will not quarrel; nor cry out; nor will anyone hear his voice in the streets; a bruised reed he will not break; and a smoking flax he will not quench; until he sends forth judgment unto victory; and in his name shall the Gentiles trust. Then he said: And on that day Jesus went out of the house; and sat by the sea; and a great multitude gathered to him; so much so that he got into a boat and sat; and the whole multitude stood on the shore; and he spoke many things to them in parables, saying: Behold, the sower went out to sow; and as he sowed, some fell by the wayside; and the birds came and devoured them - and Luke said: and the fowl of the air ate them - and some fell on the stony places, where they did not have much earth; and immediately they sprang up because they had no depth of earth; but when the sun was up, they were scorched; and because they had no root, they withered away; and some fell among thorns; and the thorns sprang up and choked them; and Mark said: and choked them by rising above them; and they did not yield their fruit; and Matthew said: and some fell on good ground and yielded fruit; one hundredfold, another sixty, and another thirty - and Luke said: and when he said this, he cried out: He who has ears to hear, let him hear. And his disciples came to him and said: Why do you speak to them in parables? He answered and said to them: To you it has been given to know the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven; and Luke said: and he said to them: To you it has been given to know the mysteries of the kingdom of God; but to them it has not been given; for whoever has, to him more will be given, and he will have abundance; but whoever does not have, even what he has will be taken away from him - and Luke said: and from him who does not have, even what he thinks he has will be taken away. Therefore I speak to them in parables; because seeing they do not see; and hearing they do not hear; nor do they understand; and in them is fulfilled the prophecy of Isaiah, which says: Hearing you will hear and shall not understand; and seeing you will see and not perceive; for the hearts of this people have grown dull; their ears are hard of hearing, and their eyes they have closed; lest they should see with their eyes and hear with their ears, and understand with their hearts, and turn, so that I should heal them. But blessed are your eyes for they see; and your ears for they hear; and Luke said: and like the seed, this is the word of God; and Matthew said: Every one who hears the word of the kingdom and does not understand it, the wicked one comes and snatches away what was sown in his heart; this is he who received seed by the wayside; but he who received seed on the stony places, this is he who hears the word and immediately receives it with joy; yet he has no root in himself, but endures only for a while; for when tribulation or persecution arises because of the word, immediately he stumbles - and Mark said: because of the word he stumbles immediately; and Luke said: and they only believe for a time; and in time of temptation they fall away - and he who received seed among thorns is he who hears the word, and the cares of this world choke the word, and he becomes unfruitful; and Mark said: and the love of riches; and all the desires that they pursue; so the word is choked and does not bear fruit in them; and Matthew said: and he becomes without fruit; but he who received seed on good ground is he who hears the word and understands it; who indeed bears fruit and produces; and Luke said: but the one who fell on the good ground are those who hear the word with a good heart and keep it; and bear fruit with patience; Matthew said: for one hundred, for another sixty, and for another thirty.

And He struck for them another example, saying: The dominion of the heavens is like a man who planted good seed in his field. So when the people slept, his enemy came and sowed weeds in the midst of the wheat; and he went away. So when the wheat sprouted, the weeds appeared. Then the servants of the lord of the house came and said to him: O lord, did you not sow good seed in your field? So from where did it come to have weeds? He said to them: An enemy has done this. The servants said to him: Do you want us to go and gather it? He said to them: No; lest you uproot the wheat with it. Let them both grow together until the time of the harvest; and I will say to the harvesters: First gather the weeds; and bind them in bundles to be burned; but gather the wheat into my barn. And He struck for them another example, saying: The dominion of the heavens is like a mustard seed that a man took and planted in his field; for it is the smallest of all seeds - and Mark said: and it is the smallest of the grains on earth - but when it has grown, it is larger than all the vegetables; and it becomes a tree - and Mark said: and it made great branches; and Luke said: and it grew; and it became a great tree - so that the birds of the sky nest in its branches.

{"translation": "And He spoke to them with another example; and He said to them: The dominion of the heavens is like a yeast that a woman took and mixed in three measures of flour; and all of it fermented. And Mark said: And He used to say to them: Is a lamp lit and placed under a measure; or a bed; but on a lampstand? And Luke said: No one lights a lamp and covers it; nor does he put it under a bed; but he puts it on a lampstand; so that all who enter may see its light. Mark said: Likewise, nothing is hidden except it will be revealed; and nothing is concealed except it will be made known. And Luke said: The lamp of the body is the eye; so if your eye is healthy, your whole body will be full of light; but if your eye is bad, your whole body will be full of darkness. Be careful that the light in you is not darkness; for if your whole body is full of light and there is no part of it dark, it will be wholly bright, as when a lamp gives you light with its rays. And Mark said: He who has ears to hear, let him hear. And He said to them: Look at what you hear; with the measure you use, it will be measured to you - and more will be added to you who hear; for to the one who has, more will be given; and from the one who has not, even what he has will be taken away. And He said: The kingdom of God is like a man who scatters seed on the ground and sleeps; and rises night and day; and the seed sprouts and grows; he knows not how. First the blade, then the ear, then the full grain in the ear; but when the grain is ripe, at once he puts in the sickle, because the harvest has come. Mark said: All this He said to the crowds; to fulfill what was said by the prophet: I will open my mouth in parables; I will utter what has been hidden since the foundation of the world. Then He left the crowd and went into the house; and His disciples came to Him and said: Explain to us the parable of the weeds of the field. He answered: The one who sows the good seed is the Son of Man; and the field is the world; and the good seed is the sons of the kingdom; the weeds are the sons of the evil one; and the enemy who sowed them is the devil; the harvest is the end of the age; and the reapers are angels. Just as the weeds are gathered and burned with fire, so it will be at the end of the age. The Son of Man will send His angels, and they will gather out of His kingdom all causes of sin and all lawbreakers, and throw them into the fiery furnace; in that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. Then the righteous will shine like the sun in the kingdom of their Father. He who has ears to hear, let him hear. The kingdom of heaven is like treasure hidden in a field; which a man found and covered up; then in his joy he goes and sells all that he has and buys that field. Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a merchant in search of fine pearls, who, on finding one pearl of great value, went and sold all that he had and bought it. Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a net that was thrown into the sea and gathered fish of every kind; when it was full, men drew it ashore and sat down and sorted the good into containers but threw away the bad. So it will be at the end of the age. The angels will come out and separate the evil from the righteous and throw them into the fiery furnace; in that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. When Jesus had finished these parables, He went away from there. And coming to His hometown, He taught them in their synagogues, so that they were astonished, and said: Where did this man get this wisdom and these mighty works? And Mark said: Where did this man get this teaching and this wisdom that has been given to him and these mighty works that are done by his hands? Is not this the carpenter's son? And Luke said: And all bore witness to Him and marveled at the gracious words that were coming from His mouth; and they said: Is not this Joseph's son? Is not His mother called Mary? And are not His brothers James and Joseph and Simon and Judas? And are not all His sisters with us? Then where did this man get all these things? And they took offense at Him. But Jesus said to them: A prophet is not without honor except in his hometown and in his own household. And Mark said: A prophet is not without honor except in his hometown; and among his relatives; and in his own household. And Luke said: And He said to them: Perhaps you will quote to me this proverb: Physician, heal yourself; what we have heard you did at Capernaum, do here in your hometown as well. And He said: Truly, I say to you, no prophet is acceptable in his hometown. Truly, I say to you, there were many widows in Israel in the days of Elijah, when the heavens were shut up three years and six months, and a great famine came over all the land; and Elijah was sent to none of them but only to Zarephath in the land of Sidon, to a woman who was a widow. And many lepers were in Israel in the time of the prophet Elisha, and none of them was cleansed but only Naaman the Syrian. When they heard these things, all in the synagogue were filled with wrath. And they rose up and drove Him out of the town and brought Him to the brow of the hill on which their town was built, so that they

His saying: 'the mu'ammad'; from 'a'madah'; if he washed him in the water of baptism; His saying: 'tabarrarat'; meaning: it became free of blame in relation to them; His saying: he disparages the cities; meaning: he mentions what necessitated disgrace for them; His saying: 'the quwat'; the plural of 'quwwah'; and it refers to the miracles here; His saying: 'the one I loved'; meaning: I loved with intense love; and the apparent meaning of 'hawa' suggests a deficiency; so it is not permissible in our law to use it for Allah (glorified and exalted is He); His saying: 'mutafatif'; meaning: filled to the brim; it remains that way; His saying: 'shariqa'; the form of 'fariha'; meaning: it weakened; from 'shariqa biriqihi'; and 'shariqat al-shams'; if its light weakens; His saying: 'at-tun'; it is the form of 'tanur'; and it may be softened: the ditch of the gardener and the plasterer; His saying: 'basitah'; meaning: in the original nature; His saying: 'yarushalim'; with a tah and an omitted letter and a shīn with a dot: the House of Al-Maqdis; His saying: 'the kingdom of their father'; has been mentioned more than once.

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