And when He mentioned the people of disbelief, expressing them by their lowest ranks to include those above them, He mentioned their opposites likewise to encompass all who were among them from all factions. So He, the Exalted, said: ﴿And those who believed﴾ meaning: they acknowledged belief with their tongues ﴿and did righteous deeds﴾ as a confirmation of their claims. That is ﴿the righteous﴾ meaning: the complete actions in prayer, based on their foundation of faith. And since this description does not specifically pertain to the followers of Muhammad ﷺ, He specified them by His saying, the Exalted: ﴿and believed﴾ meaning: along with that.

And when some of them, like Huyayy ibn Akhtab and those who followed his path, had criticized the Qur'an for being revealed in stages, while the Torah was revealed in the same manner, and none of them could deny it, He said: ﴿by what was revealed﴾ meaning: from the One who has no revealer except Him, revealed in stages, so that they may renew after (p-198) their belief in it, generally believing in every part of it ﴿upon Muhammad﴾ the unlettered prophet, the Arab, the Qurashi, the Meccan, [then] the Medinan, whom they find written among them in the Torah and the Gospel ﷺ. [And since this indicates that any belief that is not accompanied by belief in him ﷺ] is not accepted, an objection was made between the subject and its response, which clarifies its reason, urging it and affirming it. So He, the Exalted, said: ﴿and it is﴾ meaning: this which was revealed to him ﷺ is specific in that it is ﴿the truth﴾ meaning: complete in its truthfulness, such that it cannot be abrogated nor can it be abrogated, being from ﴿their Lord﴾ who is gracious to them by sending him. As for His grace towards his nation, it is clear, and as for the other nations, it is by Him being the intercessor for them on the Day of Resurrection, and his nation is the witness for them.

And when it was established by this that they are the most deserving of people of the truth, He clarified what it has yielded for them, indicating that no one can truly estimate Allah's worth. So the creation can only strive for pardon; because even if they exerted themselves in reform, it became apparent to them due to their shortcomings from sins or mistakes. So He, the Exalted, said: ﴿He covered﴾ meaning: He covered with a great covering ﴿them﴾ in both abodes by their repentance and their faith; because repentance erases what was before it, like faith does ﴿their sins﴾ meaning: the bad deeds that befell them before that by what appears to them from (p-199) the good deeds and guidance of their actions. And when one who does evil fears its consequence, his thoughts become scattered, for there is no life for one who is afraid. So He, the Exalted, said: ﴿and He set right their minds﴾ meaning: the place of their secrets and thoughts with security, success, and guidance, and strength of understanding and righteousness for what He guides them to from the good deeds, and by which their name becomes good in both abodes. Ibn Burjan said: And when that [from the servant] is set right, what enters him and what exits from him and what remains in it becomes right. And when it becomes corrupt, the opposite of that occurs. And for this reason, when the mind is preoccupied, it does not benefit from the qualities of the inner self in anything. And it has been known that the verse is from the intertwining: it first mentioned the misguidance of the disbelievers as evidence of the intention of guidance for the believers secondly, and the rectification of the mind secondly as evidence of [the omission of] its corruption first.