(p-194) Surah Muhammad, blessings and peace be upon him, is called Al-Qital (The Fighting), and it is also called Al-Ladhina Kafaru (Those Who Disbelieved). Its purpose is to advance the believers in preserving the sanctity of the religion by continuing the jihad against the disbelievers, until they impose humiliation upon them or invalidate their misguidance as Allah has invalidated their deeds. This is especially true for the people of apostasy who have strayed from the boundaries of the religion into the valleys of clear misguidance. The commitment to this noble character continues until the war lays down its burdens with the Islam of all the people of the earth by the descent of Isa, blessings and peace be upon him. This is indicated by its name Al-Ladhina Kafaru, for it is known that whoever prevents you from your path, you fight him, and if you do not fight him, you are like him. Its name Muhammad is clear in this regard, for jihad was his character, blessings and peace be upon him, until Allah took him, while he was the Prophet of mercy in the great battle. For there cannot be praise and at the same time a type of blame, as has been established in Surah Fatir, in Saba, and in Al-Fatiha. Whenever there is a restraint against the enemies of Allah, there is blame. The clearest of its names in this regard is Al-Qital, for it is known that it is for the people of misguidance 'In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful,' the greatest King who has established His army to defend His sanctuary, 'the Most Gracious,' whose mercy has encompassed at times by statement and at others by sword and spear, 'the Most Merciful,' who has specifically protected His party on the path to Paradise. * * When He, glorified and exalted is He, established the proofs in the Hamim surahs until they became like the sun, no one deviates from them except the doomed, and He concluded that after these proofs the wicked people will perish. He began this by introducing them, saying, glorified and exalted is He: 'Al-Ladhina Kafaru,' meaning: they concealed the lights of the proofs and preferred ignorance over knowledge, 'and they prevented,' meaning: they refrained themselves and prevented others due to their deep-rootedness in disbelief, 'from the path of Allah,' meaning: the broad, straight path that the greatest King has legislated. 'He has invalidated,' meaning: He has greatly invalidated [that removes the essence and effect], 'their deeds,' which are their spiritual souls, and everything they intend for their own benefit, whether to gain benefit or to avert harm, after He has secured their sins and corrupted their minds. Among their deeds is what they plot against you; for if they go astray from what they intended by making it, glorified is He, a misguided thing, they have perished because they have gone into destruction and because they have gone in a direction other than that which was intended for them. Thus, their intended benefit has become nullified, and they have become invalid. So, you should obliterate their physical souls by destroying their forms and bodies by cutting off their limbs (p-196) while you are in the utmost audacity against them; for their Lord who created them has invalidated them and has permitted you to invalidate them. For He knows that there is no reform for them, and the harmful by nature is to be killed by law. So, whoever you are able to kill is ruled by his disbelief, destined for his failure and loss.

And Imam Abu Ja'far ibn al-Zubayr said: When Surah Al-Ahqaf was built upon what was mentioned regarding the fate of those who denied, fabricated, disbelieved, and transgressed, and the Surah was opened with their turning away, it was concluded with what has been repeated of their reprimanding and rebuke. Allah, the Most High, said: ﴿Do they not see that Allah, who created the heavens and the earth and was not weary of creating them, is able to give life to the dead?﴾ [Al-Ahqaf: 33] That is: If they had considered the beginning, the matter of returning would have been made easy for them. Then He mentioned their presentation to the Fire until His saying: ﴿So will be destroyed except for the defiantly disobedient people﴾ [Al-Ahqaf: 35]. When He concluded with the mention of their destruction, He opened the next Surah with the immediate consequence that followed them in their worldly life, saying: ﴿So when you meet those who disbelieve, strike their necks; then when you have inflicted a slaughter upon them, then secure their bonds. Either [grant] favor afterwards or ransom until the war lays down its burdens﴾ [Muhammad: 4]. This verse follows the beginning of the Surah with His saying: ﴿Indeed, those who disbelieve and hinder [others] from the way of Allah, He will waste their deeds﴾. He pointed out that the root of their trial is what Allah, the Most High, intended for them in His prior knowledge, so that the believers may know that guidance and misguidance are in His hands. He pointed out the two paths with His saying: ﴿He will waste their deeds﴾ and His saying in the other: ﴿And He will remove from them their misdeeds and amend their condition﴾ [Muhammad: 2]. Then He clarified that if He had willed, He would have taken vengeance upon them, but He commanded the believers to fight them as a test and trial. Then He encouraged the believers regarding what He commanded them with, saying: ﴿If you support Allah, He will support you﴾ [Muhammad: 7]. Then the verses were intertwined. The end.