Commentary
And when these verses indicated with their great proofs and the abundance of what they submerged from their depths, that what they adhere to is weaker than imagination, and that this book in its truth and everything concerning it is more established than mountains, they were more deserving of saying: We have returned from what we were in and we believe. It was appropriate to say: Have they acknowledged that you are truthful in attributing this book to Allah? So he countered it with his saying as evidence against them: ﴿Or do they say﴾, renewing that and following it ﴿He has fabricated it﴾, meaning: he has deliberately lied about it, so that would be from their words astonishing because it is a statement coupled with what contradicts and invalidates it, as will come in its confirmation.
And when it was as if it was said: They will certainly say that, and they have settled their hearts with it, what would deter them from it? [It was said]: ﴿Say﴾ what is more severe upon them than the impact of arrows, and it is what repels what they have thrown at you with a proof that is clearer than the sun in the clear day without any clouds. And when it is customary for kings that whenever someone lies to them, they hasten to punish him, he said: ﴿If I have fabricated it﴾, meaning: I have deliberately lied about it according to your claim, and I only intend by it your advice. So the one I attribute it to and lie about will punish me for that and will not leave me at all, and that is the meaning of his saying: ﴿So you will not possess﴾, meaning: O you who are advised at some times in some ways ﴿for me from Allah﴾, meaning: the greatest, mighty, exalted, wise King ﴿anything﴾ that would repel His vengeance from me; because the king does not leave one who has lied to him completely, so how about one who deliberately lies to him in the message about great matters and accompanies him in the evening and morning, day and night? So what supporter do I have then for my fabrication, and the intended purpose does not benefit me, and the one lied about does not leave me; then he explained what the speech indicated about the necessity of vengeance with his saying: ﴿He knows best﴾, meaning: more than you and more than anyone else ﴿what you are pouring forth in﴾ regarding my attribution to lying, so if it were as you say, He would not have debated with me, let alone that He would support and help me, and in that there is a threat to them and consolation for him and relief for him.
And when the dictation alone is not conclusive in that matter, even if it is apparent in it, there must be in the claim of truth a conclusive evidence and a clear proof. The testimony of the king, concerning whom the speech is, is the greatest of evidences because he is the most knowledgeable. The basis of testimony is knowledge. Thus, the words produced his saying: "Enough" and he confirmed the words with what was coupled with the doer from the preposition, affirming the action and negating the metaphor, saying: "as a witness by it" (p-132) meaning: a witness with a profound testimony; because he is the most knowledgeable of all our conditions. "Between me and you" he witnesses by his own self the most sacred for the truthful among us and against the liar. And he has testified to my truthfulness by your inability to oppose anything from this book which I have brought. Thus, it has been established that it is his speech because I cannot alone do what you cannot do, whether individually or collectively, while you are Arabs like me. Rather, I am unlettered and among you are the scribes and those who have mingled with the scholars and heard the traditions of the nations and traveled - after the lands of the non-Arabs - in the lands of the Arabs. Thus, it has become as clear as the sun that you are liars. "And He is the Most Forgiving" who is capable of erasing all sins, their realities and traces, so He does not punish for them nor reprimand. "The Most Merciful" who honors after forgiveness and bestows success for what pleases Him. Thus, in this conclusion there is an encouragement for the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, to pardon them for what they attributed to him in the beginning of it from slander, and an urging to do good to them, and an encouragement for them to repent. And a prevention from saying: 'Why does He not hasten us with punishment for our attributing lies to you if you are truthful?' It is permissible that He may delay the liar. However, as for Him supporting him with what strengthens his necessary lie, that is not permissible, because that would be a defect in wisdom, in grandeur, and in kingship.
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