Commentary
And when he mentioned the verse of the sea for its greatness, it indicated the benefits of the two horizons, pointing out that He did not create all of that, despite its greatness, except for us. This serves as a reminder that the matter is great. So He, the Exalted, said: "And He has subjected to you" meaning specifically, and if He had willed, He would have prevented it. "What is in the heavens" by sending it down to you, indicating that it is in a way that you cannot reach it in any manner. He emphasized this by repeating the relative pronoun because the context is to indicate His might and wisdom, which both indicate His oneness in deserving worship, which they deny, just as they indicate His oneness in creation and sovereignty, and they acknowledge that with their tongues, while their actions are the actions of one who denies it. So He said: "And what is in the earth" and He has brought you to it, and if He had willed, He would have made you like what is in the heavens, with no access to it. He confirmed what indicated the previous generality by His saying: "All together" while all of that is from the essence of those things and from their subjugation "from Him". There is no creation of anyone other than Him in anything of that. Al-Razi said in the Luminaries: Abu Ya'qub Al-Nahr Juri said: He has subjected everything to you so that nothing from it would subject you, and you would be subjected to the one who has subjected everything to you, and that is Allah, the Exalted. It is inappropriate for the servant to serve his servant. Al-Qushayri said: There is nothing from the apparent entities except that there is a way for a human to benefit from it, so it should not be that what is subjected to you would make you subject to it.
And when it was established that there is no partner for Him in anything of creation, neither in essences nor in meanings, His saying became very good, confirming that their actions contradict Him: "Indeed, in that" meaning the great matter, which is His subjugation of everything in the universe to us, "are signs" meaning clear indications that they are in a manifest error when they turn to others after His subjugation to us what we have of limbs and powers in this wondrous way, even though among this which is subjected to us is what is stronger than us. "For a people" meaning people who have the capacity to engage in what is made available to them, "who reflect" that He is the One who deserves divinity, so they do not associate anything with Him.
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