Tafsir for verse: 45:12
۞ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي سَخَّرَ لَكُمُ ٱلۡبَحۡرَ لِتَجۡرِيَ ٱلۡفُلۡكُ فِيهِ بِأَمۡرِهِۦ وَلِتَبۡتَغُواْ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦ وَلَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ ١٢ ﴿12
12Allah is the One who has subjugated for you the sea, so that the ships may sail in it with His command, and so that you may seek His grace, and so that you offer gratitude.
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Commentary

And when He, glorified and exalted is He, mentioned the attribute of lordship, He mentioned some of its effects and what is in it of His signs. He said, beginning with the greatest name: "Allah," meaning: the Most High King, encompassing all attributes of perfection. And when the last of the verses He presented was about the winds, He mentioned what is in charge of directing them, saying: "The One who has subjected," meaning: solely without any power from you in that in any way. "For you," O people, is your Lord and your wickedness. "The sea," with what He has placed in it of that which none can accomplish except One who has no partner, acting by choice from the capability to sail in it with gentleness and softness and being level with the favorable wind. And that it floats upon it what was of wood, along with what He knew of its creation in this manner that the desired was accomplished: "So that the ships may sail in it by His command," even if they were laden with the weights of iron, which the lightest thing of it, like a needle, sinks in it.

And when the intention was: so that you may take heed by that and know that it is by His power, especially for you to believe in Him, He added to it His saying: "And so that you may seek," meaning: you seek with the desire of the soul and effort with what you carry in it of goods and you reach it from the places and destinations by hunting and diving and other than that "from His bounty," He has not made anything of it except Him. And when the intention was: so that the effects of His blessings may become apparent to you, He added to it His saying, glorified and exalted is He: "And perhaps you may be grateful," meaning: and so that you may be in a place where He hopes from you, who observes your state, that gratitude to the One who has bestowed upon you it, so that He may increase you from His bounty in this world and the Hereafter.

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