Tafsir for verse: 43:36
وَمَن يَعۡشُ عَن ذِكۡرِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ نُقَيِّضۡ لَهُۥ شَيۡطَٰنٗا فَهُوَ لَهُۥ قَرِينٞ ٣٦ ﴿36
36Whoever makes himself blind against the advice of RaHmān, We assign for him a devil who accompanies him all the time.
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Commentary

And when the decree was: But we did not make that knowledge from us that the people were about to be one nation. And if we were to oppose those whom We created upon goodness and upon faith, it would be lacking what he was given in this world of danger in the Hereafter. For indeed, whoever is expanded upon in his worldly life is mostly preoccupied from the remembrance of Allah, so the angels flee from him and the devils remain with him. This leads him to every evil. And whoever fears Allah and continues to remember Him, he will be supported by an angel who is a helper for him. He expressed this with his words, indicating the heedlessness of insight by the blindness that is the weakness of sight, imagining for one who forgets the remembrance of Allah in the ugliest form, repelling from that. "And whoever is blind" means he acts like the blind, and it is he whose sight is desired by night and day or is blind to a rare reading that came from Ya'qub with the opening of the sheen. He has arranged matters, exceeding "from the remembrance of the Most Merciful," whose mercy encompasses all. So there is no mercy upon anyone except that it is from Him, as these did when We granted them and their fathers, where that made them arrogant. And it is something very easy. So they turned away from the signs and evidences, and they did not look into them except with a weak glance, like the glance of one whose sight is blind. "We will assign" means we will determine, and we will impose, and we will decree punishment "for him" for his turning away from the remembrance of Allah. "A devil" means a fiery being far from mercy that will dominate him, surrounding him and constraining him like the shell of an egg, which is the inner shell. "So he is a companion for him" bound to him like a captive is bound, remaining with him, and he cannot escape from him as long as he is blind to the remembrance of Allah. He is adorned with blindness and is made to imagine that he is upon the guidance. Just as one who sees with the remembrance of the Most Merciful, an angel mocks for him, so he is a guardian for him, giving him glad tidings of every good. The remembrance of Allah is a fortified fortress from the devil. Whenever the servant exits from it, the enemy captures him, as has been mentioned in the hadith. It was said in the dictionary: "Blindness is limited: the bad sight by night and day or blindness. 'Asha' like 'Rida' and 'Dua'. And 'Asha' with the damma and kasra means to act without clarity. Ibn Jarir said: The origin of 'Asha' is sight without certainty due to a defect in the eye. And Al-Razi said in Al-Lawami': The origin of the language is that the eye, sheen, and the weak letter indicate darkness and lack of clarity in something.

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