Tafsir for verse: 43:17
وَإِذَا بُشِّرَ أَحَدُهُم بِمَا ضَرَبَ لِلرَّحۡمَٰنِ مَثَلٗا ظَلَّ وَجۡهُهُۥ مُسۡوَدّٗا وَهُوَ كَظِيمٌ ١٧ ﴿17
17When one of them is given the good news of (the birth of) that which he has attributed to RaHmān (i.e. the daughters), his face turns black, and he becomes choked with sorrow.
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Commentary

And when the relation of the child to Him, glorified and exalted is He, is something that should not even cross the mind in any situation. And His relation in reality is further from it than in the way of analogy, so that it is said: the angels with Him in honor are like daughters with the father. He said, guiding to the fact that what they said, if it were intended as an analogy, is in the utmost ugliness, let alone that it be in reality, returning to the aversion that indicates disdain and distancing: ﴿And when﴾ meaning they made that while the case is that if ﴿one of them is given glad tidings﴾ from any giver of glad tidings, ﴿one of them﴾ would call him that, indicating that it is something that brings joy, like the male, equally in that each of them is a child, and sometimes it brings joy and sometimes it brings harm, and it is a blessing from the Creator, for it is better than barrenness. ﴿By what He struck﴾ and He turned away from the description of lordship, for it may claim partnership in absolute nurturing to the description indicating the universality of mercy. So reflect on it in its essence; it is sufficient to deter from their evil words. So He said: ﴿To the Most Merciful﴾ meaning the One who has no blessing upon anything from the creation except that it is from Him. ﴿As an example﴾ meaning He made for Him a likeness, which is the female, and He expressed it in this way without saying: by what He made, the place of 'by what He struck' is a teaching of etiquette regarding Him, glorified and exalted is He, in this surah whose purpose is knowledge that necessitates etiquette and an increase in the ugliness of their disbelief, especially if they intended the reality by implying that the child can only be like the parent, and it is inconceivable that he be outside of similarity to him in specific attributes. And when the change of the face, especially with darkness, cannot be truly perceived except by day, He expressed it with what is true in permanence during the day, even if what is intended here is absolute permanence: ﴿His face remained blackened﴾ meaning intensely black due to what he finds of the dislike that leads to anger because of this glad tidings that revealed the experience that it may be joyful. ﴿And he is filled with rage﴾ meaning he is suppressing himself due to what he is filled with of distress. So how can a rational person disdain something and accept it for his servant, let alone reward him, let alone his master? This is something that no rational person would accept to pass through his mind, let alone to utter it.

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