Commentary
And when the custom is established that whoever falls into a predicament finds, in most cases, a supporter to aid him or a way to save him, he said, referring to ﴿And you see them﴾ [Ash-Shura: 45] or "Indeed, that" ﴿And there was not﴾ meaning it is confirmed and found ﴿for them﴾ and he emphasized the negation by saying ﴿of allies﴾ so they have no ally because when support is negated from the group, it is all the more so for the individual.
And when it is known that one who acts like a near one does not benefit unless he is able to provide support, he said: ﴿They will support them﴾ meaning they will find their support at some time, not in this world by being able to save them from the description of oppression, nor in the Hereafter by saving them from what has befallen them of punishment. And when Allah, the Exalted, is capable of doing whatever He wills through means or otherwise, He said: ﴿besides Allah﴾ meaning that this is not confirmed and does not stand by any means other than Him. As for Him, it is confirmed and stands for Him due to His encompassing of the attributes of perfection. If He had willed, He would have done so. And when He clarified what they have, He clarified what is for one who possesses their description, whoever he may be. He said, based on the manner of: because He is the one who misled them: ﴿And whom Allah leads astray﴾ meaning his misguidance is found profoundly by what has been conveyed as a continuous occurrence without clarification for him or without success after the clarification: ﴿then for him﴾ due to the misguidance for him are all attributes of majesty and honor, and he emphasized the negation by saying: ﴿of a way﴾ meaning a means of salvation from misguidance nor from what resulted from it of punishment.
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