Commentary
And when there is in punishment both a benefit and a harm, He, glorified and exalted is He, urged towards forgiveness as a means of averting the harm. This is because a person, due to his lack of knowledge of the hearts, cannot justly be punished merely out of anger. He may err and punish someone who has angered him, while he is of noble character, generous in nature, and of high ambition, and the sin that has angered him occurred only by mistake, which is excusable, or he has been falsely accused regarding it. This can lead to a corruption in his soul that disrupts the bond between people, resulting in great destruction. The persistence in forgiveness can lead to corruption and incite stubbornness. Oppression is the continuation in wrongdoing, fulfilling the intent of sin and permitting the act of vengeance. Seeking revenge from the wicked may sometimes require, despite the strength of the heart, spending money, following the expenditure with praise of the victory by saying: "And those who..." He mentioned the tool of realization as an indication that its condition must occur either through action or by force. He said, establishing the act of seeking victory, prioritizing what concerns the soul, which is the concern of repelling it due to its lack of patience regarding it: "When they are struck by..." meaning it has occurred to them and has affected them. "Oppression," which is the continuation in throwing harm, "they" means themselves specifically, due to their strength of heart and the solid foundations that indicate that what has preceded of His forgiveness was only for their high status, not for their humiliation. "They seek victory" means they inflict treatment with what Allah has granted them of vast intellect, strength in action, and the power of heart, victory for themselves in their rightful place, regarding what is appropriate to deter the oppressor from repeating against them and from transgressing against others. They repeat this whenever it is repeated to them, and this would be from the reform of the bond between people. They are neither incapable nor negligent in their religious matters. The expression in these actions by attributing it to the collective indicates that there is no complete deterrent capability except with unity. Whoever is alone in this matter has a long concern and a significant burden. Al-Nakha'i said: They disliked humiliating themselves lest the wicked become bold against them.
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