Tafsir for verse: 42:20
مَن كَانَ يُرِيدُ حَرۡثَ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ نَزِدۡ لَهُۥ فِي حَرۡثِهِۦۖ وَمَن كَانَ يُرِيدُ حَرۡثَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا نُؤۡتِهِۦ مِنۡهَا وَمَا لَهُۥ فِي ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ مِن نَّصِيبٍ ٢٠ ﴿20
20Whoever intends (to have) the harvest of the Hereafter, We will increase in his harvest; and whoever intends (to have) the harvest of the world (only), We will give him thereof, while in the Hereafter he will have no share.
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Commentary

And when he clarified by this that provision is only in His hand, he followed it with what discourages the pursuit of bodily provision and encourages the provision of the soul. He said, as a way of beginning an answer to one who asks: Is provision attained by intense striving or not? He began with the provision of the soul due to its nobility: ﴿Whoever desires﴾ meaning from the noble or the lowly ﴿to seek﴾. And since the focus of the surah's purpose is on religion, and religion is a transaction between the servant and his Lord, he intends by it what he intends by cultivation from the attainment of benefit. And since cultivation is for the causes of earnings, and Paradise is a fertile land whose planting is the remembrance of Allah, he expressed the general earning by cultivation and said: ﴿the cultivation of the Hereafter﴾ meaning its deeds by which benefits are attained. And since the causes of cultivation and its fruits cannot be hindered or succeeded by anyone except Allah, and since the human being thinks for himself in that he has the ability, Allah, glorified and exalted is He, alerted by turning to the style of greatness that His matter, glorified and exalted is He, cannot be defended against or opposed or disputed: ﴿We will increase for him﴾ meaning by our greatness which no one can change ﴿in his cultivation﴾ by aiding him in good deeds through enlightening the heart, purifying the state, calming the secret, and penetrating insight into what harms and benefits. And He multiplies for him its reward from ten for every good deed to what has no end, and He covers him from the worldly life which he turned away from, as a support for him in what he has turned to of the Hereafter. And He omitted the mention of the worldly life in this section as a reminder that it is lesser than to be mentioned, although it is known from other verses. ﴿And whoever﴾ meaning from the strong or the weak ﴿desires the cultivation of this world﴾ meaning its provisions which are sought by toil and striving, and he seeks to be content with it, preferring it over the Hereafter, ﴿We will give him from it﴾ what We have apportioned for him, and if he were to take it lightly and not seek it, We would still give it to him. And not everyone attains all that he wishes, even if he strives with all his effort. As for the Hereafter, whatever the seeker intends of its deeds is attained for him even if he does not perform them. ﴿And what﴾ meaning while the seeker of this world has ﴿no share in the Hereafter﴾ at all. Ubayy ibn Ka'b, may Allah be pleased with him, narrated that the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, said:

"Give glad tidings to this nation of glory, elevation, support, and empowerment in the land. Whoever among them works for the Hereafter for the sake of this world will have no share in the Hereafter." Narrated by Ahmad and Ibn Hibban in his Sahih, and Al-Hakim - who said: "The chain is authentic" - and Al-Bayhaqi. This is because actions are based on intentions, and each person will have what they intended. This is a neglect of intentions, for he did not intend them, and they are too noble to be accepted from one who turns away from them. It distances from one who turns towards them until it destroys him in its depths. The Hereafter comes to whoever turns towards it in multiples of their turning, and it calls out to whoever turns away from it to cease from their misguidance and error. Al-Razi said in Al-Lawa'ih: The people of will are of different types: one who intends the world, one who intends the Hereafter, and one who intends the Truth, glorified and exalted is He. The sign of intending the world is that one is content with the increase of their worldly affairs at the expense of their religion and turns away from the poor among the Muslims, and their needs in supplication are limited to this world. The sign of intending the Hereafter is the opposite of that. As for the sign of intending Allah, glorified and exalted is He, as He said: "They seek His face," they abandon the two worlds and freedom from the grasp of the self. In summary, it is to immerse oneself in fulfilling the rights of the Truth and the rights of creation and purifying the self, not out of desire for Paradise or fear of Hell, but in obedience to the command of the Most High King, who has no deity other than Him, for He is worthy of that, while acknowledging that one will never be able to estimate Allah as He deserves.

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