And when he clarified the enmity of the disbelievers towards the prophets, blessings and peace be upon them, and their followers, may Allah be pleased with them, by His saying: "No one disputes concerning the signs of Allah" [Ghafir: 4], after that, it was a matter that was aggravating, sorrowful, and painful. He concluded that by explaining the rights of the word of punishment upon them as a consolation for those who opposed them, glorified and exalted is He. He increased their consolation by clarifying the guardianship of the angels who are near to them, while they are the most special of creation in His presence, glorified is He, and the closest to the place of His intimacy and the abode of His sanctity. He explained the rights of His mercy for those who believed in the supplication of the people of His presence for them. He said, or it is said: When he clarified the rights of the word of punishment, it was as if it was said: So how is salvation? It was said: By establishing faith through repentance from disbelief, so that its place becomes worthy of intercession in it from the people of the exalted presence. He will forgive him if he repents for what he has committed of disbelief. He said, manifesting the honor of faith and its virtue: "Those who carry the Throne" and they are the near ones, and they are four as it is mentioned, if Allah wills, in the event of resurrection. When the Day of Resurrection comes, they will be eight. And whether they are individuals or rows, there is a discussion that will be mentioned, if Allah wills. "And those around it" are all the angels and others whom Allah may will to be surrounding it, as was previously mentioned in the verse: "And you will see the angels surrounding the Throne" [Az-Zumar: 75], meaning circling around it. This phrase indicates the inclusion of all while portraying the greatness.

And when it might have occurred to someone that He, glorified is He, is in need of their carrying of His Throne or to His Throne or to something, He alerted by the glorification that He is free of need of all things and that what is meant by the Throne and its bearers and similar things is to manifest His greatness to us in something tangible, as a kindness from Him towards us, descending to what our minds can grasp and our understandings can carry. He said, informing about the subject and what is connected to it: "They glorify" meaning they declare His perfection, glorified is He, from every blemish of deficiency, being intertwined with "praise" and directing the saying to their pronoun, informing that all are His servants from the exalted and the lowly, the near and the far, and they exist under His control and domination, His kindness and His might. He said: "Their Lord" meaning with the encompassing of the benefactor towards them with the attributes of perfection.

And when He, glorified and exalted is He, was hidden and no one could encompass Him with knowledge, He indicated that although they are the people of the presence, they are behind the veil of pride and the garments of greatness. There is no difference between them in that and what is in the lower earth by His saying: ﴿and they believe in Him﴾ because faith is only in the unseen. And when they are the closest of creation in fear, for fear is proportionate to the closeness to those presences, they are more fearful than the inhabitants of the seventh heaven. And the inhabitants of the seventh heaven are more fearful than the inhabitants of the sixth heaven, and so on. They have known from the greatness of Allah, glorified and exalted is He, for the human kind what no one else has known due to His glorification of them with the honor of prostration. And the closest way to approach the King is to draw near to His friends. He, glorified and exalted is He, alerted to all of that by His saying: ﴿and they seek forgiveness﴾ meaning they seek the removal of sins, both in essence and in traces.

And when the sharing in faith is stronger than the union in lineage, He indicated that the description of that should be the most compelling reason for advice and the most motivating for sincere compassion: ﴿for those who have believed﴾ meaning they have established this truth for what is between them of the brotherhood of faith and its compatibility, even if their species differs in the reality of composition. And if a flaw occurs among them afterward, it would justify the word against them were it not for pardon: ﴿and they did not appraise Allah with true appraisal﴾ [Az-Zumar: 67] ﴿and He pardons much﴾ [Ash-Shura: 30] "No one will enter Paradise by their deeds." And when He mentioned their seeking forgiveness, He clarified their expression about it by saying: ﴿Our Lord﴾ meaning O You who are gracious to us with faith and otherwise. And when the intent was to clarify the vastness of His mercy, glorified and exalted is He, and His knowledge, and that was a matter that minds cannot bear, He shifted to the style of distinction to alert to that, along with what is in it of shaking the listener and enticing him by obscurity to knowledge, so He said: ﴿You encompass all things﴾. Then He clarified the aspect of the vastness by saying, distinguishing it shifted from the doer: ﴿as a mercy﴾ meaning Your mercy, that is, by bringing it into existence from non-existence and beyond that ﴿and knowledge﴾ meaning and Your knowledge encompasses them. So whoever You honor, it is based on knowledge of what You have brought upon him that necessitates dishonor or honor.

And when it is for Him, glorified and exalted is He, to do as He wills regarding the punishment of the obedient and the enjoyment of the disobedient and other than that, they said, warning about that: "So forgive those who have repented," meaning, they have returned to You from their sins by Your mercy for them, by erasing their realities and traces, so there is no punishment, no reproach, and no mention of it. "And they followed," meaning, they have made it incumbent upon themselves to adhere to what they have of deviation, to follow "Your straight path" in which there is no ambiguity. And when forgiveness may be for some sins, and it is for Him, glorified and exalted is He, to punish one who has no sin, and to punish one whose sin He has forgiven, they said: "And protect them from the punishment of Hellfire," meaning, make a barrier between them and it by making them adhere to righteousness and completing Your favor upon them. For indeed, You have promised those who are like that with that, and the saying does not change with You, even if it is permissible for You to do as You will.