Tafsir for verse: 40:60
وَقَالَ رَبُّكُمُ ٱدۡعُونِيٓ أَسۡتَجِبۡ لَكُمۡۚ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَسۡتَكۡبِرُونَ عَنۡ عِبَادَتِي سَيَدۡخُلُونَ جَهَنَّمَ دَاخِرِينَ ٦٠ ﴿60
60Your Lord has said, “Call Me, I will respond to you. Definitely those who show arrogance against worshipping Me shall enter Jahannam (Hell) with disgrace.
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Commentary

And when the decree was: the action of your Lord is to judge between His servants with justice, so the doer of good enters Paradise as support for him, and the wrongdoer enters the Fire as abandonment and humiliation for him. When His promise became evident that He supports His messengers and their followers in this worldly life and in the Hereafter, He said to all His servants: Believe so that I may save you from the evils of that abode. He then turned to His saying: ﴿And your Lord said﴾, meaning: the Benefactor to you with His guidance and His promise of support: ﴿Call upon Me﴾, meaning: respond to Me by worshiping Me alone, so that you may ask Me for what I have promised you of support in the context of worship. This is the meaning of his ﷺ saying: "Supplication is worship." He has confined supplication to worship, whether it is through supplication, prayer, or other than them. So whoever is a worshiper, submissive to Allah, the Exalted, through a request or otherwise, his worship is supplication. Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them, said: "Unify Me, and I will forgive you." And it was said to Al-Thawri: "Supplicate," and he said: "Indeed, leaving sins is the supplication."

﴿I will respond﴾, meaning: He has created the response in a great way, as if He is among those who seek that with the utmost desire for it.

﴿For you﴾ in this world, meaning: by creating what you have called for, or by removing something similar to it from harm, or by storing it for the Hereafter, so that the difference may appear between one who has the supplication and one who does not have a supplication in this world or in the Hereafter. And do not rely on what has preceded in the promise, so that you leave supplication and abandon the worship, of which supplication is its essence. For everyone is facilitated for what he was created for, Al-Qushayri said, and it was said: Supplication is the key to response, and its teeth are the morsel of what is lawful - ended - and the verse is in the meaning of the verse of Al-Baqarah: ﴿I respond to the supplication of the supplicant when he calls upon Me. So let them respond to Me﴾ [Al-Baqarah: 186].

And when the reason for leaving supplication is usually arrogance, it is as if it was said: And do not leave My supplication lest you become arrogant. He explained it with a warning in it, along with an encouragement by His saying: ﴿Indeed, those who are arrogant﴾, meaning: they create arrogance. And it indicates that the intended meaning of supplication is worship by His saying: ﴿About My worship﴾, meaning: about responding to Me in what I have called you to in worship, through arguing in My verses and turning away from My supplication in all that befalls them in hardship and ease. ﴿They will enter﴾ with a promise that there is no changing of it ﴿Hell﴾, and they will meet them as a recompense for their arrogance with frowning and scowling and dislike. ﴿Humbled﴾, meaning: small, insignificant, and humiliated. The verse is from the intertwining: it mentioned supplication first as evidence for its omission second, and worship second as evidence for its omission first. And when he concluded that also with the matter of the Hour, he increased in indication of it and on the action with choice and wisdom, which does not justify neglecting creation without accounting, in a house of reward and punishment, after the perfection of the house of action with error and correctness. He said, explaining, beginning with the Greatest Name, which cannot be imagined that the one named by it (p-101) neglects the arrogant towards Him while conveying kindness to them.

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