Commentary
And when the decree was made after the confirmed promise of supporting the messengers and their followers: 'And We have certainly given you guidance and the Book as We gave to Musa, and We will surely support you like what We supported him.' And if the lightning of your people and their thunder increases, then they do not resemble Fir'aun in what he had of tyranny, oppression, honor, authority, and cunning, and nothing of it benefited him. This is indicated by His saying: 'So be patient' [meaning]: against their harm, for We place things in their most complete circumstances according to what we have established regarding the conditions of this world from the implementation of causes upon their reasons. Then He explained that with His saying, diverting the statement from the manifestation of greatness, which is the basis of support, to the name of the Essence that encompasses all perfections, the greatest of which is the execution of the command and the truthfulness of the promise: 'Indeed, the promise of Allah' [meaning]: that which has all perfection 'is true' [meaning]: in manifesting Your religion and honoring Your matter. For I have seen what happened to Musa, peace be upon him, with the most powerful people of that time and what he had of the outcome. Al-Qushayri said: Patience in awaiting the promised truth is according to faith and belief. Whoever's belief and certainty are more complete and stronger, their patience will be more perfect and fulfilling.
And when this speech was guaranteed to affirm the achievement of the goals, and it was a necessary matter that the adherence to acts of worship elevates ranks and leads to the strength of actions, He commanded to turn away from awaiting victory and to engage in refining conditions to attain the words, directing the address to the highest of creation so that those beneath him would be more deserving. [He said]: 'And seek forgiveness for your sin' meaning: it is every complete action from which you ascend to more complete, and a virtuous state from which you rise to a better one, and that would be a gratitude from you, for Allah has forgiven you what has preceded of your sin and what has followed. So your nation will follow your example, and He called it a sin in the sense of 'The good deeds of the righteous are the sins of the close ones.'
And when He commanded him to seek forgiveness at the elevation in degrees of perfection, the one who is aware of the oceans of greatness and the vastness of majesty, He commanded him to be free from any blemish of deficiency and to affirm every rank of perfection. He directed the saying towards the attribute of nurturing and kindness, for it is one of the greatest of its positions, and He said: ﴿And glorify﴾ meaning: Purify your Lord from any blemish of deficiency whenever you know about the ascent in the ranks of perfection, the deficiency of the created beings in essence and actions being mixed. ﴿With the praise of your Lord﴾ meaning: The affirmation of encompassing the attributes of perfection for the Benefactor towards you, the one who nurtures you. And do not be preoccupied with anything else, for actions are among the means of victory. And since the position is for affirming the establishment of the Hour, and the evening is more indicative of it, He presented it and said: ﴿In the evening and at dawn﴾ for the constant change of them indicates the perfection of the One who changes them and His ability to bring into existence that which is non-existent and to arrange it. Among the implications of the verse is the encouragement towards the prayers of dawn and afternoon, and they are the middle ones because the angels of the night and the angels of the day witness them. Ibn Abbas may Allah be pleased with him said: Rather, it is about the five prayers - as transmitted by Al-Baghawi. This is because the evening is from the decline of the sun, and the dawn is from the rising of dawn until the rising of the sun.
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