Tafsir for verse: 40:50
قَالُوٓاْ أَوَلَمۡ تَكُ تَأۡتِيكُمۡ رُسُلُكُم بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِۖ قَالُواْ بَلَىٰۚ قَالُواْ فَٱدۡعُواْۗ وَمَا دُعَٰٓؤُاْ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ إِلَّا فِي ضَلَٰلٍ ٥٠ ﴿50
50They will say, “Had your messengers not been coming to you with open signs?” They will say, “Of course, (they had come).” They (the keepers) will say, “Then, keep praying” - but praying of disbelievers (in the Hereafter) is only in vain.
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Commentary

And when they asked them, they resumed their answer as an indication of what had occurred from the longing of the listener towards it. They were informing them in its context of the reason that placed them in a position of rejection and falling short of being qualified to hear their words. So Allah, the Most High, said informing about them: ﴿They said﴾, meaning: the keepers. And when the implication was: Did you not have minds that guide you to belief in the truth? He followed it with His saying, obligating them with proof and reproaching and reprimanding them for wasting the times of the answered supplication: ﴿Or did﴾. And when the situation was dangerous, and the goal was difficult and arduous, they needed brevity. They said, [indicating by mentioning the act of existence along with the necessity of the situation for brevity to the nobility of the messengers, peace be upon them, in the sincere advice that saves from fears with miracles, gentleness, kindness, patience, forbearance, and endurance along with noble lineage, purity of character, good morals, originality of appearances, and pleasant companionship, and the grandeur of positions]: ﴿You will﴾ by dropping the noon with the depiction of the situation in the present tense ﴿Come to you﴾ as a means of renewal, something after something ﴿Your messengers﴾, meaning: those who are from you, so you are deserving of listening to them and turning towards them, for the kind is inclined to the kind, and a person is more receptive to someone like him ﴿With clear signs﴾, meaning: that which is clearer than it. ﴿They said﴾, meaning: the disbelievers: ﴿Yes﴾, [meaning]: they came to us like that. Then they resumed their answer for what had occurred from the longing towards it due to their lack of response to it. They caused their lack of response to the messengers to be the cause of their lack of response to their supplication. So Allah, the Most High, informed about them: ﴿They said﴾, meaning: the keepers: ﴿Then call﴾, meaning: you now, O Allah, or the people of Allah from the messengers of mankind or the angels or others, or do not call, for it will not be heard from you.

And when their command to supplicate was necessitating that they should think it would be beneficial, they followed it with what would despair them, for that was more injurious, more painful, and more severe upon them, and more terrifying by saying: ﴿And what﴾ is your supplication - thus was the original, but it came with the description as a condition for the ruling upon it, so He said: ﴿The supplication of the disbelievers﴾, meaning: those who cover their minds from the lights of the mind supported by correct transmission ﴿Except in error﴾, meaning: going in a way that does not lead to the destination, just as they were in this world. Indeed, the world is the field of the Hereafter; whoever plants something in this world will harvest it in the Hereafter, and the Hereafter is the fruit of this world, which only bears from the kind of what was planted in this world.

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