Commentary
And when the conclusion of this verse made it clear that the strictness in rulings can be a cause for crime; and it can be a cause for vengeance; He confirmed this by the condition of the Jews, for whom the burdens necessitated the punishment of the Fire; and He said - so that this would encourage acceptance of what has been mentioned of the obligations; to ease it; and for the hope of reward; warning against abandoning it; out of fear of punishment; and so that the speech would become sweet; pleasant; delightful; by detailing its arrangement sometimes with rulings; and sometimes with great stories; so that the mind becomes energized; and the intellect is sharpened -: "Did you not see"; or it could be said: when He warned - glorified and exalted is He - in what has passed regarding the People of the Book; by His saying - glorified and exalted is He -: "And those who follow their desires want you to deviate greatly" [An-Nisa: 27]; and He moved on to reveal this regarding those who distorted in prayer only with their tongues - not intentionally - the words from their places; He followed it by expressing astonishment at the state of the distorters with their hearts; and tongues; intentionally and aggressively; daring against Allah - glorified and exalted is He -; alluded to in the previous verse that they want for us misguidance from what we have been guided to of His traditions; and He said: "Did you not see".
And when they were in a state of distance - due to the curse upon them - from His noble presence; He expressed it with the tool of termination; whether the vision was visual or internal; and He said: "to those who were given"; and He belittled their matter by using the passive form; and by His saying: "a share of the Book"; meaning: like the case of Ibn Qays; who wanted discord among the Ansar; and in that is that the least of the Book is enough in condemning misguidance; for it is sufficient in guidance; "they exchange"; meaning: they strive; and insist - with what they have in the leadership of this world of wealth and status - to take "misguidance"; turning away from guidance; not remembering it in any way; and the reason for much of that is what is in their religion of burdens; and weights; as indicated by His saying - glorified and exalted is He -: "Then there came after them a generation who wasted the prayer" [Maryam: 59]; meaning: due to what was made strict upon them in it; that it is not performed except in the place designated for it; and with other types of strictness; and likewise others referred to by His saying - glorified and exalted is He -: "So because of their breaking their covenant" [Al-Ma'idah: 13]; and others; and among the greatest of them is what they conceal of the description of the Prophet - blessings and peace be upon him -; to draw closer to the people of their religion; and to take bribes from them for that; and to make them leaders over them.
And when he mentioned their misguidance, which includes their leading others astray, he followed it with what indicates their deep involvement in it. He said - addressing those whose intentions can be directed towards misguidance: "And they want you to go astray"; meaning: O you who have believed; "the path"; until you are equal to them. Therefore, they remind you of grudges, animosities, and enmities - as Sha's did - not out of love for you. And they cast doubts towards you. So Allah - glorified and exalted is He - knows them well, as He warned you against it, by His saying: "They do not cease to cause you harm" [Al-Imran: 118]; and what follows it; up to here.
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