Commentary
And when arrogance and pride are based on joy in the fleeting possessions and reliance on them; and they lead to miserliness; out of fear of their disappearance; He said - describing them with a collection of clear bad morals; that is their source -: ﴿Those who are stingy﴾; meaning: they impose stinginess with what has led them from the fleeting possessions to pride; and its limitation; so that it encompasses concealing knowledge; and similar matters; then He followed that with something worse; and said: ﴿and they command people to be stingy﴾; out of disdain for generosity; and in expressing what is of the nature of annoyance, there is an indication that they do not attach their hopes to that; except with those of low aspirations and limited ranks; and it is possible that the matter is a metaphor for their carrying others towards stinginess; by what is seen of their arrogance; and their boasting over them; then He followed that with something more vile; which is the stinginess of words; which is not feared to be diminished; and denying the blessing; and showing poverty; He said: ﴿and they conceal what Allah has given them﴾; meaning: that which belongs to Him, the Majestic and the Generous; ﴿of His bounty﴾; meaning: of knowledge; denying that they have anything to give; Al-Asbahani said: "Then indeed this concealment may occur in a way that necessitates disbelief; such as showing complaint to Allah - glorified and exalted is He -; and not being content with the decree." Then He referred to: ﴿Indeed, Allah does not love﴾ [An-Nisa: 36] - turning to the position of speaking; indicating the extent of anger; and specifying the one who is warned; declaring the manifestation of greatness; which was indicated there by the greatest name - His saying: ﴿And We have prepared﴾; meaning: We have brought forth; and We have made ready; and the original was: "for them"; but He said - generalizing; and linking the ruling to the description; and informing that this leads to disbelief -: ﴿for the disbelievers﴾; meaning: by the act of these characteristics; true disbelief; by what has led them to adhere to base morals; or metaphorically; by concealing the blessing; ﴿a humiliating punishment﴾; meaning: by what they have been deceived by wealth; which leads to pride; and arrogance; and haughtiness: "No one will enter Paradise who has in his heart the weight of a mustard seed of arrogance."
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