And when the commandments became numerous in this surah; from its beginning to here; as a result of piety - justice and virtue; and the encouragement to attain it; and the warning from its punishment - until he concluded that by guiding the spouses to treat each other kindly; and he concluded the verse with what is at the pinnacle of good endings; from the attributes of knowledge and news; and that was in the meaning of what the verse commanding piety concluded with; from the description of being watchful; this necessitated the repetition of the reminder of piety; which the surah began with the command of it; so the estimation was - certainly -: So fear Him; he connected it - or similarly to: ﴿And ask Allah for His bounty﴾ [An-Nisa: 32]; or to: ﴿Fear your Lord﴾ [An-Nisa: 1] - the intended character from the creation spread upon that attribute; which is the pure worship that is the excellence in dealing with the Creator; and he followed it with excellence in dealing with the created beings; so he said: ﴿And worship Allah﴾; meaning: Obey the One who has all perfection; nothing resembles Him; pure obedience; without any trace of disagreement; along with humility and submission; because the essence of all that is worship through compliance with the commands; and avoidance of the prohibitions.

And when He - glorified and exalted is He - was Rich; He accepted nothing but what is pure; so He said affirming what He made understood (p-276) what came before it: ﴿And do not associate anything with Him﴾.

And when He commanded for the One who is truly deserving of what is appropriate for Him; and there are two degrees for that: the first is faith; and the highest is excellence; so the one commanded with that became sincere in his worship; He commanded him to excel in his obedience; and He began with the first of the people in that; which is the one who made him a reason for his existence; so He said - indicating that He is not pleased for him with anything less than the degree of excellence; and that whoever is sincere to Him, He enriches him from all else; and He continues to bestow favors upon those other than him -: ﴿And with the parents﴾; meaning: And be good to them; ﴿with excellence﴾; and it is sufficient as a sign of the greatness of their matter to make their kindness a companion to the command of His Oneness - glorified is He.

And when the foundation of the Surah is based on connection; especially to those who are related; he said - elaborating on what was mentioned at the beginning of the Surah; confirming it -: ﴿And to the relatives﴾; for the certainty of their right; with their increased closeness; and for the necessity of this Surah to further encourage compassion; he repeated the neighbor; then followed that with whom one must observe for the sake of Allah; or for a meaning that would corrupt the bonds of kinship if neglected; and he began with what is for Allah; because if it is correct, others will follow it; and he said: ﴿And the orphans and the needy﴾; meaning: even if their kinship is not known; and he specified them due to their weakness; and he prioritized the orphan because he is weaker; for due to his youth, he is unable to fulfill his needs; and raise them to others; ﴿And the neighbor who is a relative﴾; meaning: because he has two rights; ﴿And the neighbor who is distant﴾; meaning: one who has no kinship; due to the hardship of living with him; fearing the severe harm from him: "O Allah, I seek refuge in You from the evil neighbor; in the place of residence; for the neighbor of the desert may change"; ﴿And the companion by your side﴾; meaning: the one who is close; mixing with him in a matter that necessitates the extension of companionship; ﴿And the traveler﴾; meaning: the traveler; due to his estrangement; and the lack of his supporters; and his loneliness; ﴿And what your right hands possess﴾; meaning: from the slaves; and the maidservants likewise; for indeed, doing good to them is a great act of obedience; the last thing the Prophet ﷺ spoke about was prayer; and what your right hands possess.

And when he mentioned doing good; which is based on humility and generosity; he concluded the verse - encouraging it; and warning against withholding it; justifying the command for it - with his saying: ﴿Indeed, Allah﴾; meaning: with what He has of the most beautiful names; and the highest attributes; ﴿does not love﴾; meaning: does not act with the action of one who loves; with ﴿whoever is arrogant﴾; meaning: proud; admiring of himself; adorned with his adornments; showing off with what Allah (Exalted is He) has given him of His grace; in a manner of greatness; and belittling others; he is too proud to have his poor relatives attributed to him; and he despises his neighbors if they are weak; so he does not do good to them; lest they reproach him and he be mocked by them.

And when the arrogant may sometimes do good for show; he said - indicating that he accepts only the sincere -: ﴿and boastful﴾; exaggerating in praising his qualities; he is too proud to associate with the poor; and in that is the most complete warning against the character that prevents doing good; which is arrogance towards the servants of Allah; and boasting over them; belittling them; for there is no justification for that; because all are from one soul; and the grace is a blessing from Him - glorified is He -; it must be thanked with humility; for it to last; and one must beware of its denial through arrogance; fearing that it may be removed.