Commentary
And when most of what has passed was based on wealth, sometimes by inheritance; and sometimes by the dowry in marriage; whether lawful or unlawful; Allah, the Exalted, said - producing from what has passed; after He clarified the truth from falsehood; and clarified the weakness of this entire type; so their justification for preventing women; and minors from inheritance due to weakness was invalidated; and after He clarified the manner of conducting affairs in marriage with wealth; and others, to preserve lineage; mentioning the manner of dealing with wealth; purifying the human being; addressing the least of ages in faith; elevating others above this matter -: "O you who have believed"; meaning: affirm your faith and commitment to the rulings; and when eating is one of the greatest objectives of wealth; and the Arabs see the rush towards eating as the greatest disgrace; even if it is lawful; He alluded to it by the term 'taking' (p-259) and said: "Do not consume"; meaning: do not take; "your wealth"; meaning: the wealth that Allah has made a means of sustenance for people; "amongst yourselves by falsehood"; meaning: by causing it; by taking the share of women and minors; from inheritance; and by withholding some women; and other than that; from what has previously been prohibited; and others.
And when He prohibited eating by falsehood; He addressed what is not like that; and said: "Except that there be"; meaning: the transaction that is managed and exchanged among you; "trade"; this is in the reading of the Kufans with the accusative; and according to the reading of others: except that a trade exists; "by mutual consent among you"; meaning: not prohibited by the legislator; and perhaps the use of the connected exception tool - while the meaning is on the disconnected - indicates that all worldly transactions are deserving of being called falsehood; even if "except" were not meant to discourage from it; and to prevent from excessive engagement in it; and to encourage what benefits by its continuation; and thus every disconnected exception in the Qur'an; whoever contemplates it rightly will find for the deviation from the word intended for it - which is "but" - to the form of the exception a profound wisdom; and Allah is the Grantor of success.
And when wealth is equivalent to the soul; and He prohibited its destruction by falsehood; He prohibited the destruction of the soul; because most of their destruction of it is through raids; for the purpose of plundering wealth; and what was due to it; and its causation; noting that whoever's wealth is consumed, his soul becomes agitated; and this leads to the fitnas that may ultimately result in killing; thus, the prohibition against that is the most appropriate thing; for what the surah is based upon of compassion; and connection; so He said (glorified and exalted is He): ﴿And do not kill yourselves﴾; meaning: truly; by a person directly killing himself; or metaphorically by one of you killing another; for the souls are one; and that also leads to the killing of the killer's own soul; so do not neglect your share of gratitude for your souls; for whoever neglects his share, it is as if he has killed it; then He explained it with what softens the hardest of people; saying: ﴿Indeed, Allah﴾; meaning: with what He has of attributes of greatness; which no greatness can compare to; ﴿was with you﴾; meaning: specifically; where He alleviated for you what He made difficult for those before you; ﴿Most Merciful﴾; meaning: profoundly merciful; where He facilitated for you obedience; and granted you success in it; thus, He conveyed - glorified is He - the encouragement to comply.
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