Commentary
And when the truth became clear to them through the arguments; and the guidance was evident by the removal of all their doubts from many angles; and the corruption of their paths was made clear; and the severity of their warning was conveyed; this produced the truthfulness of the Messenger; and the reality of what he says: so the souls submitted; and it was most appropriate that He - glorified and exalted is He - generalized in His address; due to the necessity of following Him in a general manner; when clarifying the path; and establishing the evidence; He said - encouraging and warning: "O mankind"; meaning: all of you; "Indeed, the Messenger has come to you"; meaning: the one who is complete in prophethood; whom the people of the Book were waiting for to remove their doubts; entangled with "the truth"; meaning: that which corresponds to reality; and you will see the events and apply them to what has preceded from the news; that truth being "from your Lord"; meaning: the Benefactor to you; for if you follow His Messenger, you will accept His beneficence; and His favor upon you will be complete; and for this reason, He caused His saying: "So believe"; and when the implication - as indicated by the context - was a warning to them: "If you believe, faith will be "better for you"; He added to it His saying: "And if you disbelieve"; meaning: you persist in your disbelief; or renew your disbelief; disbelief will be evil for you; meaning: that evil will be specific to you; and nothing will harm Him from that; nor will it decrease anything from His dominion; just as faith did not benefit Him in anything; nor did it increase anything in His dominion; because He has absolute wealth; and this is the meaning of His saying: "Indeed, to Allah belongs"; meaning: the one who is complete in greatness; "what is in the heavens and the earth"; for it is from establishing the cause in place of the effect; and He did not emphasize by repeating "what"; even though the address is with the confused; because the establishment of the evidence has reached a level of clarity; by the testimony of Allah; that there is no more to add to it; so what is indicated by it has become like the tangible.
And when the implication was: "So He is independent of you; and He has servants other than you who do not disobey Him; and He is capable of punishing you by causing what He wills to descend from the heavens; and causing what He wills to sink from the earth; and other than that"; and the enjoyment of the one who is compliant; and the punishment of the one who opposes; and receiving advice with acceptance revolves around knowledge; and around wisdom; which is the result of knowledge; and ability; He said: "And Allah is"; meaning: the one who has complete specialization with all attributes of perfection; eternally; and forever; while He has all dominion; "All-Knowing"; meaning: so it is not permissible for one with understanding to deviate from what He has informed of; that the matter of this Messenger is true; for he has not informed of it except from complete knowledge; and nothing is hidden from Him, neither a sinner nor an obedient one; "All-Wise"; meaning: so it is not appropriate for a wise person to waste anything from His commands; for He has not established them except upon the perfection of rulings; so He is deserving of inflicting any punishment upon those who oppose Him; and rewarding those who obey Him with every blessing.
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