Commentary
And when the hypocrites are the ones specifically intended by these verses; and most of them are people of idols; it is appropriate for him to say - explaining that polytheism is misguidance -: ﴿If﴾; meaning: "what"; ﴿they call upon﴾; and how appropriate is the expression for the idol worshippers regarding worship by means of supplication; indicating that every object of worship, when called upon in times of necessity, does not hear; thus, its worshipper is the most ignorant of the ignorant. And since everything is beneath Him - glorified and exalted is He -; because it is under His control; he said - belittling what they worshipped -: ﴿besides Him﴾; meaning: He is the Most Merciful; and since their objects of worship are numerous idols; and every multitude necessitates division; need; and weakness; although they used to name some of them with feminine names; from Al-Lat; and Al-Uzza; and they would say about all of them: they are the daughters of Allah; and they would say about every idol: a female of so-and-so; he said: ﴿Except females﴾; meaning: they made themselves worshippers of the females; while they disdain having them as offspring. And in the interpretation from Al-Bukhari: "females"; meaning: the inanimate; stone; or clay; or something similar to that; this is despite the fact that the root of "feminine"; and "idol"; necessitates in itself multitude and weakness; and division; and all of that is far removed from the rank of divinity; and this will be elaborated upon, if Allah - glorified and exalted is He - wills, in the Surah of "Al-Ankabut"; and that this restriction is the heart of a restriction; due to their belief that they are deities; and the meaning of the restriction is: "they are nothing but non-deities; due to their deficiencies; ﴿And if they call upon﴾; meaning: they truly worship; ﴿except a devil﴾; meaning: because he is the one commanding them to do so; beautifying it for them; ﴿rebellious﴾; meaning: defiant; strong; disobedient; persistent in disobedience; stripped of all good; burning with evil deeds; far from all security; from: "shata"; and "shatana"; and "marada"; with the opening of his eye; and its closing; and he expressed it with the form of "fa'il"; which is for exaggeration; in the context of condemning them; indicating that they worshipped what has no disguise in its evil; because it is all evil; unlike what is in the Surah of "As-Saffat"; for its context necessitates (p-406) the absence of exaggeration - as will come, if Allah - glorified and exalted is He - wills.
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