Tafsir for verse: 39:5
خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ بِٱلۡحَقِّۖ يُكَوِّرُ ٱلَّيۡلَ عَلَى ٱلنَّهَارِ وَيُكَوِّرُ ٱلنَّهَارَ عَلَى ٱلَّيۡلِۖ وَسَخَّرَ ٱلشَّمۡسَ وَٱلۡقَمَرَۖ كُلّٞ يَجۡرِي لِأَجَلٖ مُّسَمًّىۗ أَلَا هُوَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡغَفَّٰرُ ٥ ﴿5
5He created the heavens and the earth for just purpose. He wraps the night over the day and He wraps the day over the night, and He has put the sun and the moon under His command, each one of them moving for an appointed term. Remember, He is the Mighty, the Most-Forgiving.
AI-Assisted Translation: This translation was produced by AI agents carefully trained over several months and thoroughly reviewed. It does NOT replace the scholarship of traditional scholars and is intended as a step in the right direction to make classical tafsir more accessible. There may still be inaccuracies—please report them promptly so we can improve the translation quality.

Commentary

And when He affirmed these attributes; which negate that He has a partner or a child; and affirmed for Him absolute perfection; this is indicated by His saying: ﴿He created the heavens and the earth﴾; meaning: He brought them into existence from nothing; ﴿in truth﴾; meaning: a creation that is accompanied by a fixed command; which is not mere imagination; nor magic; in a manner that has no deficiency whatsoever; nor disparity; nor flaw that anyone could say about it: that it contradicts wisdom; and when it was one of the clearest indications of the attributes of oneness; and dominance; and the completeness of power; and the perfection of the matter; after the creation of the two horizons; the difference of the two colors; and since the wrapping - which is the swift encompassing of something by something; such that it rises above it; and overcomes it; and covers it - is a clearer indication of the attribute of dominance than penetration; He said - clarifying the time of the creation of the two colors -: ﴿He wraps﴾; meaning: He created them; meaning: He shaped them in a state of wrapping; and twisting; and turning; so that it covers with speed, height, and thickness; a wrapping that is much renewed and continuous until its appointed time; ﴿the night upon the day﴾; by covering it with it; so that it leaves no trace for it; and due to the greatness of this creation; He repeated the action; so He said: ﴿And He wraps the day﴾; high is its wrapping and its covering; ﴿upon the night﴾; so it removes it likewise; and He includes in this increase in each of them; what it diminishes from the other; because when one of them goes; and the other comes in its place; it is as if the coming one wrapped around the departing one; and clothed it; just as clothing is wrapped around the wearer; or that He likened the departing one in its concealment to the coming one with something apparent; wrapped around it what concealed it from the ambitions of the eyes; or that each of them, when it continuously wraps around the other, is likened to the succession of wrappings; some upon others; so that it conceals what is beneath it.

And when the darkness preceded the light; and the night is merely a darkness that is preceded by light with the rising of the sun; He arranged - glorified and exalted is He - this arrangement according to the creation; and for this reason, He presented the verse of the day; so He said - expressing in the past; by creating the two verses that are subjugated; according to a known method for each of them; that does not exceed it; and a limited boundary that it does not surpass -: ﴿And He subjugated﴾; meaning: He made submissive; and compelled; and dominated; and tasked for what He wills; without any benefit for the subjugated; ﴿the sun﴾; meaning: that which erased what was of darkness; thus necessitating the name of the day; ﴿and the moon﴾; meaning: the sign of the night.

And when He informed of His dominance over them; He clarified what He has made them do; so He said - clarifying this (p-454) subjugation -: ﴿Each﴾; meaning: each of them; ﴿flows﴾; meaning: by Our decree; which there is no repelling of it; and this is a sign of the difference in the states of the servant; because his creation is comprehensive; so he differs in holding; and expanding; and gathering; and separating; and taking; and returning; and in the sobriety; and drunkenness; and in the stars of reason; and the moons of knowledge; and the suns of awareness; and the day of oneness; and the night of doubt and denial; and the day of connection; and the nights of estrangement and separation; and the manner of their differences; and their increase; and their decrease; as stated by Al-Qushayri.

And when the aim of the Surah is honor, which its foundation is dominance, and the context is for subjugation, and the decree is for a reason that the afflicted cannot escape from, it indicates subjugation by mentioning the goal devoid of the reason. He said: ﴿For a specified term﴾; meaning: for the end of the cycle; and the cessation of movement. And when this established his subjugation, he said - calling out; piercing the hearts of the deniers -: ﴿Indeed, He is﴾; meaning: alone; ﴿the Mighty﴾. And when perhaps a stubborn one might say: Why does He not take those who oppose Him? And the attribute of subjugation and honor might have despaired the sinners; thus delaying them from turning towards Him. He said - clarifying the reason for the delay; and appealing -: ﴿the Forgiving﴾; meaning: the One who has the attribute of concealing sins; repeatedly; so He erases the sins of whom He wills, specifically; and an effect; by His forgiveness; and He takes whom He wills by His might.

Explore Other Scholars on This Verse

Compare different scholarly perspectives on Surah Az-Zumar verse 5

Al-Biqa'iBurhān ad-Dīn Ibrāhīm al-Biqāʿī
Learn more about Al-Biqa'i
4011 / 6181