Commentary
And when He affirmed these attributes; which negate that He has a partner or a child; and affirmed for Him absolute perfection; this is indicated by His saying: ﴿He created the heavens and the earth﴾; meaning: He brought them into existence from nothing; ﴿in truth﴾; meaning: a creation that is accompanied by a fixed command; which is not mere imagination; nor magic; in a manner that has no deficiency whatsoever; nor disparity; nor flaw that anyone could say about it: that it contradicts wisdom; and when it was one of the clearest indications of the attributes of oneness; and dominance; and the completeness of power; and the perfection of the matter; after the creation of the two horizons; the difference of the two colors; and since the wrapping - which is the swift encompassing of something by something; such that it rises above it; and overcomes it; and covers it - is a clearer indication of the attribute of dominance than penetration; He said - clarifying the time of the creation of the two colors -: ﴿He wraps﴾; meaning: He created them; meaning: He shaped them in a state of wrapping; and twisting; and turning; so that it covers with speed, height, and thickness; a wrapping that is much renewed and continuous until its appointed time; ﴿the night upon the day﴾; by covering it with it; so that it leaves no trace for it; and due to the greatness of this creation; He repeated the action; so He said: ﴿And He wraps the day﴾; high is its wrapping and its covering; ﴿upon the night﴾; so it removes it likewise; and He includes in this increase in each of them; what it diminishes from the other; because when one of them goes; and the other comes in its place; it is as if the coming one wrapped around the departing one; and clothed it; just as clothing is wrapped around the wearer; or that He likened the departing one in its concealment to the coming one with something apparent; wrapped around it what concealed it from the ambitions of the eyes; or that each of them, when it continuously wraps around the other, is likened to the succession of wrappings; some upon others; so that it conceals what is beneath it.
And when the darkness preceded the light; and the night is merely a darkness that is preceded by light with the rising of the sun; He arranged - glorified and exalted is He - this arrangement according to the creation; and for this reason, He presented the verse of the day; so He said - expressing in the past; by creating the two verses that are subjugated; according to a known method for each of them; that does not exceed it; and a limited boundary that it does not surpass -: ﴿And He subjugated﴾; meaning: He made submissive; and compelled; and dominated; and tasked for what He wills; without any benefit for the subjugated; ﴿the sun﴾; meaning: that which erased what was of darkness; thus necessitating the name of the day; ﴿and the moon﴾; meaning: the sign of the night.
And when He informed of His dominance over them; He clarified what He has made them do; so He said - clarifying this (p-454) subjugation -: ﴿Each﴾; meaning: each of them; ﴿flows﴾; meaning: by Our decree; which there is no repelling of it; and this is a sign of the difference in the states of the servant; because his creation is comprehensive; so he differs in holding; and expanding; and gathering; and separating; and taking; and returning; and in the sobriety; and drunkenness; and in the stars of reason; and the moons of knowledge; and the suns of awareness; and the day of oneness; and the night of doubt and denial; and the day of connection; and the nights of estrangement and separation; and the manner of their differences; and their increase; and their decrease; as stated by Al-Qushayri.
And when the aim of the Surah is honor, which its foundation is dominance, and the context is for subjugation, and the decree is for a reason that the afflicted cannot escape from, it indicates subjugation by mentioning the goal devoid of the reason. He said: ﴿For a specified term﴾; meaning: for the end of the cycle; and the cessation of movement. And when this established his subjugation, he said - calling out; piercing the hearts of the deniers -: ﴿Indeed, He is﴾; meaning: alone; ﴿the Mighty﴾. And when perhaps a stubborn one might say: Why does He not take those who oppose Him? And the attribute of subjugation and honor might have despaired the sinners; thus delaying them from turning towards Him. He said - clarifying the reason for the delay; and appealing -: ﴿the Forgiving﴾; meaning: the One who has the attribute of concealing sins; repeatedly; so He erases the sins of whom He wills, specifically; and an effect; by His forgiveness; and He takes whom He wills by His might.
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