Commentary
And when he completed the denial of those who equate, he clarified who has expanded his chest and who has constricted it. He concluded by stating that the first is guided and the second is astray. He began to explain what is for each of them, in a confused manner in the style of denial as well. He said, indicating that misguidance is the cause of punishment and guidance is the cause of bliss. He omitted here the one who is blessed, which caused him bliss, to soften his heart, just as he omitted the hard-hearted in the verse of expansion, whose hardness caused him punishment, so that the two verses may correspond and the two expressions may balance: 'Is he then...' He singled out the word 'who' so that it would not be assumed that the faces of the great ones are included. He said: 'fears,' and indicated that his hand, which customarily protects him from fears, is bound, by saying: 'with his face,' which used to protect him from fears and shield him from them, by making it—being the noblest of his limbs—a protection with which he shields others from his body. 'The evil of punishment,' meaning its severity and unpleasantness, because he followed his soul in its desires until his heart hardened and his mind corrupted. 'On the Day of Resurrection,' because he will be thrown into the fire upside down, and he is shackled, having nothing of his limbs free to defend his face. A boulder of sulfur, like a great mountain, is around his neck, and he is dragged in the fire on his face, like one who is safe from punishment? He receives bliss with his heart and his form.
And when the absolute reproach and reprimand is painful, he built for the affected his saying: 'And it was said to them...' Thus was the original. However, he expressed it in a general manner and conditioned the ruling by it. He gathered a warning that their multitude did not avail them anything. He said: 'For the wrongdoers,' meaning those who abandoned the path of guidance and followed desires, preferring and leading astray. 'Taste what...' meaning the recompense of what... 'you used to earn,' meaning what you counted as a benefit and a fruit of your deeds and actions. And it was said to the people of bliss: 'Be at ease and find comfort,' a recompense for what you used to do. The verse is from the intertwining: it mentioned the question first as a proof for the omission of its relation second, and what is said to the wrongdoer second as a proof for what is said to the just first.
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