Commentary
And when it was established that the one who is devoted is better; and that the one who opposes him is many; and that the greatest motivator for him towards devotion is piety; and that the multitude of opposers is the greatest destabilizer; and that a person - due to his deficiency - is in most need of affirmation; and that affirmation is from the similar; and reassurance is from the comparable; it brings tranquility to the heart; and expands the chest; He commanded the most complete of creation and the best of them in kindness; by affirming them; He said: ﴿Say﴾; and when it was the case that steadfastness does not become firmly rooted with the multitude of opposers; and the continuous earthquakes and disturbances; except if it is from the King; He made that from Him - glorified and exalted is He - so that the Creator may gather upon it; and the closest to Him from the creation; He said: ﴿O My servants﴾; without saying: 'O servants of Allah' as an example; as a reminder for them; to calm their hearts with what is known that the decree is: 'Allah said'; and to honor them by the addition to Him with the pronoun indicating kindness; and the intensity of specificity; and to inform them that He is present and does not disappear from them in any way; ﴿Those who have believed﴾; meaning: they have realized this truth; even if it is in its slightest state.
And when it was the case that goodness may sometimes encourage the doer of good; He - glorified is He - pointed to the correctness of the saying of the knowledgeable: 'Sit on the carpet; and beware of being too relaxed'; and He alerted with the hint of the saying from the appearance of speech; to the description indicating that the wise one is the one who necessitates for him goodness; in reverence and respect; and the kindness and closeness yield for him humility within himself and smallness; and fear and brokenness; from what is least of it is the cutting off of goodness; He said: ﴿Fear your Lord﴾; meaning: place between yourselves and the anger of the one who does good to you a protection; by ascending in the ranks of His obedience; being sincere to Him; as He created you for yourselves; not for any purpose for Him; so that your faith may become firmly rooted; and your goodness may strengthen; and this is the clearest evidence that faith can exist without piety.
And when He guided them by the name indicating goodness to say: 'So what do we have if we do it?' He - responding; explaining - said: ﴿For those who have done good﴾; meaning: for you; but He made apparent the description indicating the reason for their reward; enticing them to increase in it; and when the action does not benefit except in the abode of obligation; He said: ﴿In this﴾; by the name of indication; an increase in specification; ﴿the world﴾; meaning: the lowly; the despicable; which life does not become pure in it except by sanctification; by the worship of the Creator; and by embodying His attributes; ﴿A good deed﴾; meaning: great in the world; by victory; and assistance; with the multitude of opposers; and in the Hereafter by reward; and it may be that the meaning of 'those who have done good' is: they have established goodness; and it is known that it is in this world; so what comes after it is a subject; and a predicate; but it becomes specific to the reward of this world; so the first is good.
And when it was the case that sometimes there may occur for a person in a land one who prevents him from doing good; and drives him to disobedience; He encouraged - glorified is He - migration to where that preventer is removed from him; as a reminder that such a thing is not an excuse for deficiency; as it was said:
And if a dwelling turns away from you, then move.
He said: "And the earth of Allah"; meaning: the one to whom all sovereignty belongs; and the comprehensive greatness; "is vast"; and His existence is by His knowledge; and His power; in every land; equally; so the one who is confined to a specific place among them is weak in determination; and lacking in certainty; so there is no excuse for the one who neglects to do good by not emigrating.
And when patience on leaving one's homeland is very difficult; especially if there are family and kin there; he mentioned what is for the one who is patient in that; for whoever longs to ask about it; he said: "Indeed, those who are patient will be fully compensated"; meaning: the great compensation; "for the patient"; meaning: for what the souls dislike in opposing desires; and following the commands of the Most High King; from emigration; and others; "their reward without account"; meaning: in a manner of abundance; which cannot typically be calculated; and that is because the recompense is of the same kind as the action; and every action can be counted; and limited; except for patience; for it is constant with the breaths; and it is a meaning of the hidden meanings; no creation can perceive its measure in its strength; and weakness; and intensity; and gentleness; because with its concealment its measure varies; and its effects increase; according to the aspirations in their elevation; and descent; and exaltation; and lowering; and it may be that the meaning is that whoever's patience is complete - as indicated by the لام of perfection - there will be no account upon him; for what Al-Bazzar and Ibn Hibban narrated in their authentic works from Abu Huraira - may Allah be pleased with him - who said: "A woman came with a complaint to the Messenger of Allah; and she said: O Messenger of Allah; pray to Allah for me; he said: 'If you wish, I can pray to Allah and He will heal you; and if you wish, you can be patient and there will be no account upon you'; she said: 'Rather, I will be patient and there will be no account upon me.'"
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