Tafsir for verse: 38:41
وَٱذۡكُرۡ عَبۡدَنَآ أَيُّوبَ إِذۡ نَادَىٰ رَبَّهُۥٓ أَنِّي مَسَّنِيَ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ بِنُصۡبٖ وَعَذَابٍ ٤١ ﴿41
41And remember Our servant, Ayyūb - when he called his Lord saying, “The ShaiTān (Satan) has inflicted weariness and pain upon me.”
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Commentary

And when the news about the repentant king came to an end; he who ruled the world by force and dominance; east and west; and Job - peace be upon him - was in the wealth of kings; although he was not a king in action; and the denial of whoever denied the Prophet - blessings and peace be upon him - was indeed by Allah's empowering of the devils to whisper to them; and His command - glorified and exalted is He - to be patient with that; and He narrated to him from the news of the repentant ones; teaching the goodness of returning if patience weakens; he followed it with news about the patient repentant one; who did not complain except from the whispering of the devil to his wife; with what he was tempting her with; so that the Prophet - blessings and peace be upon him - would increase in patience by remembering this news; and his inclination towards Allah (the Exalted) would multiply; and his supplication to Him; following the example of his brothers who were not distracted from Him by the bounty of ease; nor the trial of hardship; and a reminder of Allah's power over all that He wills; a warning that He is capable of turning Quraysh away from what they are in; and aiding the oppressed among His servants against them; with the slightest effort; so He said: "And remember Our servant"; meaning: he who is worthy of being added to Our great presence; and He clarified it by saying: "Job"; and he is from the Romans; from the children of Uzayr son of Isaac - peace be upon them - so that you may take example from his condition; and be patient with your people; even if you see what you have no patience for, you call upon Allah for its rectification.

And when he was commanded to remember Him, it was made clear that most of the intended meaning is some of his noble states, so that he may take them as an example. He said - substituting from it as an inclusion -: "When"; meaning: remember his state when he "called"; and he diverted the saying from the manifestation of greatness to the attribute of kindness, for that is his place, due to the necessity of his state. He said: "His Lord"; meaning: the one who is kind to him, who recognized His kindness to him in his upbringing through His trials, just as he recognized His favor through the apparent blessings and bounties. Then he mentioned the one being called upon, recounting it with its wording. He said - indicating with emphasis that although his state in what he had experienced of intense patience necessitated not complaining - what came to him was beyond what he could bear: "Indeed, I"; meaning: O my Lord, I call upon You because I am. And since this is in the context of patience, he magnified the matter by attributing the harm to the fiercest of enemies, inciting a response and showing etiquette with Allah. He said: "Has touched me"; meaning: and I am among Your allies; "the devil"; meaning: the one who is consumed by the curse, far from mercy, due to Your enabling him; "with harm"; meaning: affliction, hardship, worry, sickness, pain, and a trial that burdens its bearer, exhausting him, tiring him, and stressing him, reaching him to the utmost of all that. It was also read with the 's' pronounced, and it was read with the vowelization like "guidance" and "righteousness". This was an indication of the states of harm in severity and lightness; the unvoweled form is the lowest, the voweled form is the middle, and the heavy form with the 's' is the highest. "And punishment"; meaning: a very strong distress, perpetual, preventing from all that is pleasurable and can be savored, and its best can be tasted. He made it indefinite to magnify its independence - despite its brevity - from long phrases and extensive supplications, indicating that the flood has reached the limit, and the affliction has weakened the strengths. He did not mention it with the word 'Iblis', which is from the meaning of despair and the cessation of hope, indicating that he is one who hopes for Allah's grace, not despairing of His mercy. This is because Allah, glorified and exalted is He, enabled him to destroy his family, his children, and his wealth, so he was patient. Then He enabled him over his body until his flesh fell off, and he continued in that state for long periods. For this reason, he appeared to his wife - may Allah be pleased with her - in the guise of a physician, and he said to her: I will treat him, and I want nothing but for him to say to me, when he is healed: You have cured me. It is said that he told her: If he prostrated to me once, I would have cured him. So she came to him and informed him of that, and he told her and made her aware that it was the devil, and he warned her against him, fearing his treachery against her. So he called upon Allah with what has preceded, and he intensified the reproach and magnification of what he whispered to her by swearing that he would strike her a hundred times, as a deterrent for her from listening to anything of that, and to downplay what he was encountering from his afflictions on his side.

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