Commentary
So he pointed out that by replacing "when" with "when they entered"; and he specified its name; to remove ambiguity; and to indicate what he has of a close status; and great affection; he said: "upon Dawud"; a trial from Us for him; along with what he has of vast kingship; and great closeness to Us; and he clarified that this was in a manner that is terrifying; either because he is in a position that no one can attain; or otherwise; by his saying: "so they were frightened"; meaning: they were terrified; and afraid of them; meaning: along with what he is in of vast kingship; and courage of heart; and knowledge of wisdom; and might of authority.
And when it was as if it was said: So what did they say to him? They said: "Do not fear"; and when this necessitated the departure of thought regarding their affair in every direction; they specified their matter by saying: "two disputants"; meaning: we are two teams in a dispute; then they clarified that by saying: "some of us has wronged others"; meaning: sought a request for superiority and extension; "against one another"; so he was vague at first; to detail it later; so that it would be more impactful in the soul; and when this caused his question regarding the ruling; they said: "so judge between us with truth"; meaning: the established matter; which corresponds to reality; and they only asked him that with the knowledge that he does not judge except with justice; so that he would be more deserving of reproach at the slightest slip; "and do not transgress"; meaning: do not cause distance; and exceed the limit; neither in the expression of that; where the intended meaning becomes ambiguous to us; nor in anything else; or: nor be excessive in pursuing the details of matters; for I am satisfied with the truth in the slightest ways; and for this reason, he brought it from the quadrilateral; and the trilateral; with its meaning; Abu Ubaid said: "He transgressed in judgment"; and "he was excessive"; if he was unjust; and for this reason, the merging was also an indication that the prohibition is only against clear transgression; and when the truth has for him the highest; and lowest; and middle; they sought the definition of the middle; so they said: "and guide us"; meaning: direct us; "to the middle of the path"; meaning: the clear way; so that there is no inclination towards either side; excess in pursuing the details of the matter; and negligence in neglecting that.
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