Tafsir for verse: 38:18
إِنَّا سَخَّرۡنَا ٱلۡجِبَالَ مَعَهُۥ يُسَبِّحۡنَ بِٱلۡعَشِيِّ وَٱلۡإِشۡرَاقِ ١٨ ﴿18
18We had subjugated the mountains to join him (in) making tasbīH (i.e. pronouncing Allah’s purity) at evening and sunrise,
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Commentary

And when man continues to draw near to Allah, the Most High, until He loves him; when He loves him, he begins to act with Him - glorified and exalted is He - and miracles appear at his hands. He said - resuming; in response to the one who asked about his reward for that struggle; confirming it for him; due to what has been ingrained in mankind of denying miracles; because of their attachment to the familiar: "Indeed, we"; meaning: regarding what we have of greatness; which nothing can overpower; "We have subjected the mountains"; meaning: those which are harder than the hearts of your people; for they are the most solid of lands; in strength; height; and elevation; by making them submissive and gentle like a young camel. Then he qualified that with his saying: "with him"; meaning: accompanying him; so that this subjugation was not evident to anyone after him; nor before him. And when the existence of the glorification from the mountains was something astonishing; because they are inanimate; he expressed it with the present tense; and he said - depicting that state; expressing with the feminine pronoun; indicating that after having hardness, they became extremely soft and pliable; every mountain among them glorifies with a voice unlike that of the other; because that is closer to distinction; and knowledge of the glorification of each one individually -: "they glorify"; and he did not say: "glorifying"; or: "glorifies"; so that it would not be assumed that their glorification is with one voice; which could complicate the matter in some of them; and it can be a resumption; and it can be a state meaning that they submit to Him with glorification; saying and in a state; the submission of the chosen one obedient to Allah.

And when it was in the context of the return; and the last part of the day is the time for every one who has an attachment to return to his familiar place; although it is the time of relaxation; and resting from the hardships; he said: ﴿In the evening﴾; meaning: to strengthen the worker; and to remind the heedless; and when it was in the context of the outpouring and the honoring with the Qur'an; he said: ﴿and the rising of the sun﴾; meaning: at the time of the sun's elevation from the entanglement of people in their work; and their engagement with food; and shelters; from words; and actions; as a reminder for them; and a return from their familiarities to the sanctification of their Lord - glorified and exalted is He -; and the rising is not the rising of the sun; rather it is its clarity and brightness; and its rising is its emergence; and Umm Hani' - may Allah be pleased with her - narrated that the Prophet - blessings and peace be upon him - prayed in her house during the forenoon; and said to her: "This is the prayer of the rising"; and in the collection of Abd al-Razzaq that Ibn Abbas - may Allah be pleased with both of them - said: The forenoon prayer is in the Qur'an; but only a diver can delve into it; then he recited this verse; and to it is also the reference - and Allah knows best - regarding the prayer of the repentant: ﴿And remember Our servant David, the possessor of strength. Indeed, he was one who frequently turned back [to Allah]﴾ [Sad: 17] ﴿And We gave to David Solomon, an excellent servant. Indeed, he was one who frequently turned back [to Allah]﴾ [30] ﴿O mountains, repeat [the praises] with him﴾ [Saba: 10] ﴿And the birds gathered, all with him are turning back [to Allah]﴾ [19]; Muslim narrated in his Sahih; and Abd ibn Humayd in his Musnad; and al-Darimi in his collection called al-Musnad; from Zayd ibn Arqam - may Allah be pleased with him - that the Prophet - blessings and peace be upon him - said: "The prayer of the repentant is when the young camels feel the heat"; and the wording of al-Darimi is: "The Prophet - blessings and peace be upon him - came out to them while they were praying after the sun had risen; and he said: 'The prayer of the repentant is when the young camels feel the heat'"; and the wording of Abd is: "The Prophet - blessings and peace be upon him - came to them in the Mosque of Quba; and saw them praying the forenoon, and said: 'This is the prayer of the repentant; and they used to pray it when the young camels felt the heat'"; meaning: it is blessed from the intensity of the heat; and its burning of their feet; from "ramad"; with the vowelization; which is the intensity of the sun on the sand; and others; and "ramda" is the intense heat.

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