Tafsir for verse: 36:23
ءَأَتَّخِذُ مِن دُونِهِۦٓ ءَالِهَةً إِن يُرِدۡنِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنُ بِضُرّٖ لَّا تُغۡنِ عَنِّي شَفَٰعَتُهُمۡ شَيۡـٔٗا وَلَا يُنقِذُونِ ٢٣ ﴿23
23Shall I adopt those gods besides Him whose intercession, if RaHmān (the All-Merciful Allah) intends to do harm to me, cannot help me in the least, nor can they come to my rescue?
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Commentary

And when He commanded explicitly; and prohibited implicitly; and encouraged; and warned; and reprimanded; and admonished; and clarified the greatness of the one who believes in Him; and those who were a cause for that; He condemned those who act otherwise by condemning themselves; belittling those whom they worshipped besides Allah; while they are drowning in His blessings; so He said - indicating by the form of the verb that there is a contradiction to the original nature -: "Shall I take"; and He clarified the exaltedness of His rank - glorified and exalted is He - by His saying: "besides Him"; meaning: equal; along with the lowliness of the status; and He clarified the inability of what they worshipped by its multiplicity; so He said: "gods"; then He confirmed that by His saying - clarifying with the tool of doubt that benefit is greater than harm; encouraging towards it - glorified is He -: "If they intend"; a light intention; as indicated by the omission of the 'ya'; or a strong intention; as indicated by its affirmation; apparent; as indicated by its movement; or hidden as indicated by its stillness. And when He reminded them of His creation - glorified is He - for them; guiding them to the fact that they are likewise; He stated what encompasses them; so He said: "The Most Merciful"; meaning: the general blessing upon every creature; from the worshipper; and the worshipped; and He warned them by His saying: "with harm"; and invalidated what they believe in it by His saying: "will not avail me"; meaning: and every one like me in this; "their intercession"; meaning: if it were assumed that they interceded; but their intercession does not bring about "anything"; of benefit. And when He indicated by the exclusivity of intercession to their counting as non-existent; even if their intercession were united; and their cooperation; at one time; He indicated by the plural pronoun that they are likewise; whether they are gathered; or scattered; so He said: "And they will not rescue me"; meaning: from my affliction; if the matter calls for separation by what He intended; for indeed, by merely His intention, His intention will be; a weak rescue - as indicated by the one who omitted the 'ya' -; and not a strong one - as indicated by the one who affirmed it; apparent or hidden.

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