Commentary
And when this speech clarified the disparity between the two parties in their outcome; with destruction; and success; and no one with any sense would choose destruction; and the disbelievers claimed that they were the successful ones; being satisfied with their view of what they were in; and they claimed that they were the most insightful of people; and the best in deeds; and likewise every sinner and innovator; this was a reason for denying their equality; so he denied it; clarifying the reason for their misguidance; with what contains consolation for the righteous; and an urging towards gratitude; and an encouragement to persist in humility; and to seek safety from error; and deviation; so he said: "Is he then who..."; and when the harmful thing is beautification; without regard to a specific doer; he built his saying for the acted upon: "The evil of his deeds was made to appear good to him"; meaning: its ugliness; which is such that it would harm its owner; in condition or outcome; by gathering wealth that is fleeting; or that is taken away from him; without companionship; and selling the comfort of the everlasting paradise; by following a fleeting desire; and preferring a transient creature; over his Lord, the Self-Sufficient, the Everlasting; then he caused from it what he ended with regarding the goal; so he said: "So he saw it..."; meaning: the evil; because of the beautification; "as good"; meaning: he embraced it; by what was indicated by the addition of the deed to him; and he concealed the likeness; as if one had seen matters in their realities; so he followed the good; and avoided the evil; because the situation guides to it; and hastening to reveal what perplexed the listener from the reason that leads to seeing the ugly as beautiful; by his saying - confirming; in response to one who attributes an action to someone other than Allah; of good; or evil -: "For indeed..."; meaning: the reason for seeing things other than what they are is that "Allah"; meaning: the One to whom belongs all command; "misleads whom He wills"; so he does not see anything as it truly is; so he proceeds to clear destruction while he sees it as the eye of salvation; "and guides whom He wills"; so nothing is difficult for Him; and He does not do except good.
And when the beloved is one who is pleased with the actions of his beloved; he caused from that the prohibition for the most complete of His creation from grief because of their misguidance; in His saying: "So do not..."; and it is better to estimate the likeness here; so the meaning would be: "Is he then who was deceived; so he did the ugly; and believed it to be good; because Allah misled him; because Allah is the one who controls the hearts; like one whom Allah has granted insight to the truths?"; and when the answer is: "No; they are not equal"; he caused from it his saying: "So do not let your soul..."; meaning: by death; or what is close to it; "be among them"; meaning: because of what they are in of blindness to the clear matters; "in regret"; meaning: for the sake of your repeated regrets; for their turning away; the plural of "regret"; which is the intensity of sorrow for what has passed from the matter.
And when it was as if it was said: Indeed, they harm Your allies; so their harm intensifies; and the knowledge of the capable ally about what his enemy does is sufficient for support; He said: ﴿Indeed, Allah﴾; meaning: the One who encompasses all attributes of perfection; ﴿is Knowing﴾; meaning: of profound knowledge; and He emphasized it; as a reminder that the situation is difficult; and whoever does not stabilize himself with his utmost effort; will slip; due to the length of His (glorified and exalted is He) delay for them; and His forbearance towards them; ﴿for what they do﴾; meaning: of what they have been accustomed to; and they have become imprinted with it; until it became a character for them; they are far removed from being able to detach from it.
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