Tafsir for verse: 35:11
وَٱللَّهُ خَلَقَكُم مِّن تُرَابٖ ثُمَّ مِن نُّطۡفَةٖ ثُمَّ جَعَلَكُمۡ أَزۡوَٰجٗاۚ وَمَا تَحۡمِلُ مِنۡ أُنثَىٰ وَلَا تَضَعُ إِلَّا بِعِلۡمِهِۦۚ وَمَا يُعَمَّرُ مِن مُّعَمَّرٖ وَلَا يُنقَصُ مِنۡ عُمُرِهِۦٓ إِلَّا فِي كِتَٰبٍۚ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ يَسِيرٞ ١١ ﴿11
11Allah has created you from dust, then from a drop of semen, then He made you couples. No female conceives (a baby) nor gives birth (to it) without His knowledge; and no aged person is made to advance in age, nor is a part curtailed from his age, but all this is (recorded) in a book. Surely all this is easy for Allah.
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Commentary

And when He mentioned - glorified and exalted is He - what He has made them to be in terms of disparity in morals; He followed it with what they were upon of unity in the essence of origin; and its origin is the soil from which the water is drawn; after its mixing in it; even if its types differ; He said - clarifying some of the signs of the souls; adding to what He added to it: "And Allah is the One who sent the winds" [Fatir: 9], which is among the signs of the horizons; indicating that He is capable of distinguishing after the intense mixing; and that He has decreed everything; from provisions; and lifespans; and calamities; and joys; so there is no fruit of deceit except what befalls the deceiver from hardship; and the punishment from Allah; and harm -: "And Allah"; meaning: the One who has all the attributes of perfection; and when He left no need for restriction; He said: "He created you from dust"; meaning: similar; even if its types differ; by the creation of your father from it; and He mixed it in a way that cannot be distinguished by others; then He referred it away from that essence fundamentally; and the reference to it is indicated by His saying: "Then"; meaning: after that time; and rank; He created you "from a sperm drop"; meaning: He made it a second essence similar to that original soil; more intensely mixed than it; then after the completion of the arrangement for a time; and rank; to the sperm drop; which has no relation to the soil; indicating the perfection of ability; and action by choice; "Then He made you pairs"; between males; and females; indicating it is more evident than what preceded it regarding choice; and the falsehood of the people of nature; and regarding resurrection; by distinguishing what is suitable from the soil for masculinity; and femininity.

And when the pregnancy is also a refutation of the people of nature; that it does not occur from every union; He pointed to it with His saying - affirming; in response to them; informing that this is only by His ability -: "And what you carry"; meaning: in the womb; by pregnancy; "of female"; indicating with the preposition the completeness of inclusion; and when the delivery is also like that; that it does not complete every time it is carried; He said: "And you do not deliver"; meaning: a pregnancy; "except"; accompanied; "by His knowledge"; at its time; and type; and form; and other than that of its affair; specifically regarding all of that; even from its mother who is closest to it; so it cannot be except by His ability; what He wills He completes; and what He wills He brings forth.

And when what comes after birth is also indicative of choice; due to their differing lifespans; while they are similar in essence; it is indicated by His saying - indicating by the passive form due to the ease of the matter for Him - glorified and exalted is He; and that longevity and decrease is what is meant by the attribution -: ﴿And whatever is given longevity from a longevity-giver﴾; meaning: it is increased in the lifespan of one whose lifespan is long; meaning: it has reached a long lifespan by actual deed; Qatadah said: 'sixty'; or in meaning; by the increase of the chosen doer; an increase without which his lifespan would have been shorter than what he has reached; ﴿And it is not decreased from his lifespan﴾; meaning: the longevity-giver; by force; and he is the one who was typically capable of a long lifespan; so he was not given longevity by the decrease of the chosen doer; a decrease without which his lifespan would have been long; so the mentioned longevity-giver; what is meant by it is the deed; and that to which the pronoun returns; the longevity-giver by force; so it is from the wondrous usage; and if the expression were with 'one'; this meaning would not be correct; and the reading of Ya'qub - differently - from Ruways; with the opening of the 'ya' and the damming of the 'qaf'; in the active form; indicates that a short lifespan is more common.

And when it was in the context of knowledge; and the most accurate of it in the course of our customs is what was written; He said: ﴿Except in a book﴾; written in it: 'The lifespan of so-and-so is such; and the lifespan of so-and-so is such; and such is the lifespan of so-and-so if he does such; and his lifespan is such - more or less - if he does not do it.'

And when that matter is something that cannot be encompassed by counting; nor confined by limits; so it is among what the ignorant deny; He said - confirming its ease -: ﴿Indeed, that﴾; meaning: the great matter; of writing all lifespans; and estimating them; and encompassing them in detail; ﴿is upon Allah﴾; meaning: the One who has all might; for He prevails over all that He wills; especially; ﴿is easy﴾.

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