Tafsir for verse: 34:23
وَلَا تَنفَعُ ٱلشَّفَٰعَةُ عِندَهُۥٓ إِلَّا لِمَنۡ أَذِنَ لَهُۥۚ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا فُزِّعَ عَن قُلُوبِهِمۡ قَالُواْ مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمۡۖ قَالُواْ ٱلۡحَقَّۖ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَلِيُّ ٱلۡكَبِيرُ ٢٣ ﴿23
23Intercession before Him is of no benefit, but for the one whom He has permitted. (And those who receive a command from Allah remain fearful) until when fear is removed from their hearts, they say (to each other), “What did your Lord say?” They say, “The Truth.” He is the High, the Great.
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Commentary

And when there remained from the categories of benefit the intercession, and the intended effect of it is its impact, not its essence, He negated it by His saying: ﴿And intercession will not benefit﴾ meaning at any time of the times ﴿the intercession with Him﴾ meaning in any way of the ways with anything of the things ﴿except for whom﴾. And when the density of the veil is greater in awe, and the construction for the unknown is more indicative of the density of the veil, He said in the reading of Abu Amr, Hamzah, and Al-Kisai by making the source the basis of the speech and attributing the action to it: ﴿He has permitted him﴾ meaning permission has occurred for him through the tongue of whomever He wills from His soldiers by one means or more to intercede for others or for others to intercede for him. And the reading of the others by constructing for the doer indicates greatness from another aspect, which is that there is no encroachment upon Him in any way by anyone at all, rather He does not even specify the permission, otherwise there would be no ability upon Him at all.

And when it is known that those who are stopped are in a state of danger when presented to a feared king, whenever the name of one of them is called, his heart would tremble and perhaps he would faint. Therefore, it is known from what has passed that whenever the call arises from Him, glorified and exalted is He, in that station where every nation is seen kneeling, and the intercessors and those for whom intercession is made are overwhelmed, it is thus fitting that His saying, glorified and exalted is He, is all good: ﴿Until﴾ and it is a limit for the kind of saying: So when He permits him, the shock occurs due to His majesty and greatness and perfection until ﴿when fear is removed﴾ meaning the fear is removed by the easiest matter and the least effort of His matter, glorified is He - this is in the reading of the congregation by constructing for the unknown. And He, glorified is He, removed the fear in the reading of Ibn Amer and Yaqub, indicating that nothing escapes His command ﴿from their hearts﴾ meaning the intercessors and those for whom intercession is made, for indeed “fa’ala” (p-496) comes for removal, as in “I have removed the dust from his eye,” when you remove the dust from it. ﴿They said﴾ meaning some of them said to each other: ﴿What did your Lord say?﴾ mentioning the attribute of kindness so that their hope may return to them and their hearts may find tranquility.

And when the kings of the world sometimes say a saying, then it becomes clear to them and they retract from it, or a person from their elite challenges them in it, it becomes invalid. It has been reported that the Sovereign, the Judge, is not like that. He said: ﴿They said, 'The truth'﴾ meaning the established truth that cannot be changed, rather it corresponds to reality so that nothing contradicts it. ﴿And He is the Most High﴾ meaning there is no rank except below His rank, glorified and exalted is He. So He does not say anything but the truth due to lack of knowledge. ﴿The Most Great﴾ meaning there is no greatness other than Him that opposes Him in any ruling. Al-Bukhari reported in the tafsir from Abu Huraira, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: The Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, said: 'When Allah decrees a matter in the heavens, the angels strike their wings in submission to His saying as if it were a chain upon a rock. ﴿When their hearts are frightened, they say, 'What did your Lord say?' They say﴾ - for the one who said - ﴿The truth, and He is the Most High, the Most Great﴾. Then it is heard by the one who steals a hearing, and the one who steals a hearing is like this, some above others - and Sufyan described it with his hand and distorted it and scattered it between his fingers - so he hears the word and conveys it to the one below him, then the other conveys it to the one below him until it reaches the tongue of the sorcerer or the soothsayer. Sometimes the shooting star catches him before he conveys it, and sometimes he conveys it before the shooting star catches him, and he lies with it a hundred lies. It is said: 'Did he not say to us on such and such a day such and such?' So he speaks the truth with that word which was heard from the heavens.' And he said in the Oneness: And Masruq reported from Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with both of them: 'And when Allah speaks with revelation, the inhabitants of the heavens hear, and when their hearts are frightened and the sound settles, they know that it is the truth and they call out, 'What did your Lord say?' They say, 'The truth.'" [And this narration was reported by Al-Ayni in his part from Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with both of them, as a statement attributed to him: 'There was for every group of jinn a seat in the heavens where they would hear the revelation, and in it: So nothing descends upon the heavens except they clap. And at the end of it: Then it is said: 'The year will be such and such,' and the jinn hear that and inform the soothsayers among the people, and they find it as they said. So when Allah sent His Messenger, blessings and peace be upon him, they were driven away. The Arabs said: 'The one in the heavens has perished,' and they mentioned the slaughter of the Arabs of their wealth from camels and others, until Thaqif forbade them, and they deduced from the stability of the teacher of the stars. Then Iblis commanded his army to bring the dust and smell it until he knew that the event was from Mecca.

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