Commentary
And when he mentioned what is the root of their hypocrisy, which is the denial, he followed it with what branched from it. And when their discouragement was by retreating once, he expressed it in the past tense and said: ﴿And when they said﴾. He feminized the verb as an indication of their weakness and femininity in words and actions. ﴿A group of them﴾ means a large number of the dead hearts and their sick ones, some of them circulating among each other: ﴿O people of Yathrib﴾. They shifted from the name that the Prophet ﷺ designated for it, which is the city and the good place, with its beauty, to the name by which it was called in the past, with the possibility of its ugliness due to its derivation from 'tharba', which means blame and reproach, revealing their deviation from Islam. He said regarding the combination of the two meanings: 'Tharaba' upon him with reproach, and 'Athraba', meaning he reproached him with reproach - if he blamed him and reminded him of his sin. And they confirmed it by negating the type due to their many contradictions in that, saying: ﴿There is no place for you﴾, meaning a standing or a place of standing in which you stand - according to the reading of the majority with the opening, and according to the reading of Hafs with the vowelization meaning: there is no establishment or place of establishment in the battlefield and in the confrontation of the heroes. ﴿So return﴾ to your homes in flight, and be with your women [as tails], or to your original religion in the manner of being candid so that you may have a hand with these troops [against them].
And when he mentioned those who uncovered the veil and clarified what they were in of the lowliness of the matter, he followed them with others who partially concealed themselves, clinging to the tails of hypocrisy, fearing the horrors of discord. He said: ﴿And they seek permission﴾, meaning they renew at every time the request for permission in order to return to the homes and to be with the women. ﴿A group of them﴾ means a faction whose affair is separation. ﴿The Prophet﴾, and they saw what he possessed of high status due to his good character and appearance, and what he had of the majesty of traits and noble qualities, and they did not fear our informing him of the news, and our revealing to him the hidden, from the concealed thoughts and hidden secrets, while they were ﴿saying﴾ [meaning] at every little moment, confirming their knowledge of their lying and the denial of the believers to their saying: ﴿Indeed, our houses﴾. They brought the plural form as an indication of the multitude of their hypocritical companions. ﴿Are exposed﴾, meaning [by it] there is much flaw that those who want from the factions can enter through it. So if we go to it, we will protect it from them and suffice for those who come to us from their corruptors as a protection for the religion and a defense for the families.
And when they said that, confirming it to him, Allah, the Exalted, responded to them, confirming His response and clarifying what they intended, saying: ﴿And what﴾, meaning while it is that it ﴿is not﴾ [at that time when they said this, and He confirmed the negation, saying:] ﴿with a flaw﴾. And they do not intend [by their seeking permission] to protect it ﴿Indeed﴾, meaning what ﴿they intend﴾ [by their seeking permission] is only flight.
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