Commentary
And when it was established, as previously mentioned in the one before it, that He, exalted is He, is characterized by the perfection of knowledge, that it is certainly from Him and by His knowledge, and this is a matter that concerns Him and He is attentive to it. This is because the intended goal, which the matter of religion is based upon, has been specified. He concluded what He mentioned regarding it here with the establishment of their guidance in the position of expectation by His warning ﷺ. He followed that by clarifying this with the creation of the world of shadows and creation, then the world of spirits and command. The encompassing knowledge of all of this leads his contemplation to guidance. So he said, beginning anew and explaining a matter that includes its revelation, expressing it with the greatest name for the necessity of creation and management in the context of His exclusivity: ﴿Allah﴾, meaning the One who encompasses all attributes of perfection alone: ﴿Who created the heavens﴾ all of them ﴿and the earth﴾ in its entirety ﴿and what is between them﴾ of tangible and intangible benefits.
And when this abode is built upon the wisdom of causes, as indicated in Luqman, and when a thing is done gradually, it is [more perfected]. He said: ﴿In six days﴾ as its details will come in Fussilat. And He was capable of doing that in less than the blink of an eye. [And the secret of the duration being six will come in Fussilat.]
And when the management of this and its preservation and the care for its interests and the execution of its affairs is a matter - after the matter of its creation - that is astonishing, He indicated to its greatness with the tool of delay [and the expression of causation]. So He said: ﴿Then He rose over the Throne﴾, meaning [a rising that they have not experienced before, which is that] He took charge of [its management and the management of what it encompasses] by Himself, with no partner for Him, nor deputy, nor minister, as you are accustomed to from the kings of this world when their dominions expand, and their corners become distant, and their regions become remote. This is the meaning of His saying, exalted is He, as a continuation in response to one who might have said: The Throne is very far from us, so who has deputized Him in our affairs? And for this reason, [the speech turned] to address because it is more effective (p-231) in alerting: ﴿What is there for you besides Him﴾, because everything other than Him is beneath Him and under His dominion. And it indicated the generality of the negation with His saying: ﴿of a protector﴾, meaning one who manages your affairs and takes care of your interests and supports you when something occurs to you from what you are warned about ﴿and no intercessor﴾ who intercedes with Him in your management or for any one of you without His permission. [And this is a metaphor for His closeness to everything and His encompassing it, and that His encompassing of all His creation is on an equal level, with no distance between Him and anything at all.]
And when they were acknowledging that creation is His creation and the command is His command, knowing that no ruler from among the kings can have authority except by a proof from Him that He establishes upon the people of the town to which He has sent or appointed in it, and no intercessor intercedes for them except that he has a means to Him. This denial of theirs led to His saying: "Do you not reflect?" meaning a great reflection on what the manifestation indicates, what you know that He is the Creator alone, and that there is no proof for anything that you have associated with Him, nor any means for anything from them to Him that qualifies for intercession for you, nor has anyone from them informed you of anything from that. So how do you contradict in these matters - which are the most important of the important, because their consequence is the loss of a person's own self, let alone what is less than that - your minds and what your customs have led you to, and you make excuses in the impossible, and you are satisfied with hearsay, and you risk in it your souls, children, and wealth.
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