Commentary
And when the Rich One may have his wealth limited, as in the heavens and the earth which he has established belongs to Him, and the Praised One may have that which is praised limited and confined, he has proven that he is not like that. Rather, there is no limit to His richness, nor is there a measure for His knowledge and capabilities that necessitate His praise, nor an end to it. So He said: "And if" meaning He has the two mentioned attributes, and the condition that if "what is in the earth" meaning all of it, and it indicates the comprehensiveness and the pursuit of every individual from the kind by His saying: "from a tree" where He has singularized it. "Pens" meaning the tree extends from after it in a manner of exaggeration seven trees, and that what is in the earth from the sea is ink for those pens. "And the sea" meaning while the sea, and according to the reading of the Basrians with the accusative, the estimation is: And if the sea "were to extend it" meaning it would be a support and an increase in it "from after it" meaning behind it "seven seas" so it was written with those pens and that ink which the whole earth has for it a reservoir, the words of Allah "do not run out" and He repeated the greatest name to glorify the station. So He said, revealing the indication with the blessing of not being confined to anything, even if it is great: "the words of Allah" and the pens and the ink have perished. And He indicated by gathering the fewness with the addition to the name of the Essence to the increase of greatness by the inability to that little, so the inability to the words is understood from the first place, and the creativity follows the words, so there is no word except for the occurrence of a matter from the matters.
"Indeed, His command when He intends a thing is only to say to it 'Be' and it is" [Ya-Sin: 82] and it is known from that the running out of all the seas is because they are limited, so they do not suffice for what is not limited. So how great is it, an unending greatness! And from a grandeur that cannot be matched or compared, there is no doubt that the result of that is His saying, confirming that their claim of a partner is a denial of the might, and the denial of resurrection is a denial of wisdom: "Indeed, Allah" meaning the One who encompasses everything in power and knowledge without any limitation at all. "Is Exalted" meaning He incapacitates everything and nothing incapacitates Him. "Wise" He establishes what He intends, so no one can undo it, and no one among His creation has knowledge except what He has taught him, and no one among them has wisdom except to the extent of what he has inherited. And it is known that the verse is from the interweaving: He mentioned the pens as a proof of the removal of their ink, and He mentioned the seven in exaggeration of the seas as a proof of their removal in the trees, and this is from the greatness of this art. And it is also known from the context that what is meant by the seven is the exaggeration in multitude, not its reality, and that what is meant by the gathering of fewness in 'seas' is the multitude, for the evidence of exaggeration, and by gathering fewness in 'words' is its reality to organize the meaning, and all of that is permissible and common in the language of the Arabs.
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