And when all of this was from their condition in the swiftness of sadness and joy in the states of hardship and ease, and their insistence on renewing disbelief is evidence of the lightness of their understanding and the poor contemplation they have, for they do not comprehend the visible signs, nor do they hear the recited verses being recited to them. This is caused by the knowledge that their matter is not for anyone other than Him, glorified and exalted is He, and He has made them [UNTRANSLATED-LATIN: amwat] of meanings. He said, representing them with three types of people, and he emphasized that they deny that their condition is like that, while the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, is striving hard to make them hear and is exerting effort in that: 'So indeed you' meaning their persistence in this disbelief is sometimes in ease and sometimes in hardship, standing with the effect without any consideration of the cause while you recite to them His verses and alert them to His clear signs because you 'do not make the dead hear' meaning it is not in your power to make those who have no life hear, so there is neither sight nor hearing, or the dead of hearts, hearing that benefits them, for it is something that He has specifically chosen for Himself, glorified is He. And among them are those who are like the dead because Allah, the Exalted, has sealed their hearts. 'And you do not make' meaning you in the recitation of the congregation other than Ibn Kathir, 'the deaf' meaning those who have no hearing at all. Ibn Kathir mentioned the action from 'to hear' and raised 'the deaf' as a subject, so the meaning was: for indeed whoever has died or whose heart has died does not hear, nor do the deaf hear 'the call' when you call them. Then when the deaf may sense your call if he is attentive with his sight, he said: 'When they turn away' and he mentioned the action and did not say: 'turned away', indicating the strength of turning away so that it is not assumed that it is released upon avoidance, and for this reason he built from its subject a state which is his saying: 'turning away'.