And when it became clear with these two equal points that He did not compel them to associate partners with Him, there was a custom in their souls that is continuous and everlasting, nor was there any evident rational proof, nor a decree from Allah that overpowers, it became clear that they did not follow reason or revelation. Rather, they are captives of desire based purely on ignorance. This was explicitly stated after the first justice, and he hinted at it here, leaving the explicit mention of it for the sufficiency of the first. He inferred it with a proof that contradicted the established custom and the settled evidential signs. He said, adding to 'And when distress touches' [Ar-Rum: 33], indicating the lightness of their understanding from another perspective different from the first: 'And when' expressing with the tool of confirmation, indicating that mercy is greater than punishment. He attributed the action to Him in the context of greatness, indicating the vastness of His generosity, saying: 'We caused them to taste' [and the speech continued in the previous pattern in general to suit the purpose of the Surah, which is that everything belongs to Him in all matters, saying]: 'mankind a mercy' meaning a blessing of wealth and the like, with no cause for it except our mercy. 'They rejoice in it' meaning they rejoice with a calm, arrogant, and secure joy from its loss, forgetting to thank the One who bestowed it upon them. And He said: 'And if' with the tool of doubt indicating that calamities are less in occurrence. He said: 'it befalls them' not attributing it to Him, as a reprimand to His servants and a notification of His abundant generosity. 'A misfortune' meaning a severity that causes them distress from drought and the like.

And when calamities are caused by sins, He said, alerting them to this, denying their despair while they do not turn back from the sins for which they were punished: 'For what their own hands have earned' meaning from the violations, attributing it to the hands because most actions are done by them. 'Then they, after the distress of its occurrence, forget what they were granted of blessings and were adorned with from the garments of generosity.' 'They despair' meaning they suddenly encounter despair, renewing it at every moment when it descends, even though they call upon their Lord to remove it and seek His help to avert it, while witnessing the opposite of that in both aspects within themselves and others repeatedly. For this reason, He denied their lack of vision, indicating with the conjunction that the estimation is: Did they not see within themselves the change of circumstances, saying: