Commentary
And when He, glorified and exalted is He, mentioned the male and the female, the two created from the earth, and the heaven was like the male for the earth from which man was created. The creation of both, while they are created from nothing, is more astonishing than His creation, for it is a greater proof of His power. And since the creation of the earth, which is like the female, preceded the creation of man, He followed His mention of them, beginning with what is like the male, saying, indicating - after mentioning the signs of the souls - to the signs of the horizons: "And of His signs" meaning those that indicate that. And when it is astonishing to bring the two horizons into existence from nothing in a continuous state, He expressed it with the source, saying: "The creation of the heavens" upon their height and perfection, "and the earth" upon its vastness and precision.
And when there are people who attribute creation to nature, He, the Exalted, mentioned from the attributes of the souls what invalidates the influence of the horizons by themselves without His creation and determination, and His formation and management: "And the diversity of your tongues" meaning your languages and their tones and forms. You can hardly hear two pronunciations that are alike in whispering or loudness, neither in sharpness nor in softness, nor in accent nor in eloquence, nor in elaboration nor in brevity, and other than that from the attributes of speech and its states, and its descriptions and forms. And you are from one soul. If the judgment were for nature, there would not be differences because it has no choice, while the relation of the whole to it is one.
And when the color of the sky is one, and the colors of the lands can be limited, He said: "And your colors" meaning the differences along with their variations and closeness, there is no control over it with the unity of the relation. If it were not for this difference, acquaintance would not occur, and interests would be lost, and benefits would be missed. And He, glorified is He, omitted the mention of the forms due to the difference of the forms of the stars by the difference of their shapes, and the lands by the measures of the mountains and hills and their states. If the difference were for the sake of nature, it would either be in regard to the sky or to the earth. If it were for the sky, its color is one; and if it were for the earth, the color of the people of each region would not be suitable for the color of their land. As for the tongues, their matter is clearer.
And when this is in the utmost clarity and does not pertain to a specific type of creation without another, He said: "Indeed, in that" meaning the great matter, high in rank in its explanation and the appearance of its proof, "are signs" meaning several very clear indications of His oneness, the Exalted, and His actions by choice, and the invalidation of what the people of nature say from those possibilities which are with their obscurity weak, and with their distance diminishing and vanishing, "for the scholars" all of them, it does not pertain to a specific class among them without another from jinn or humans or others. And in the narration of Hafs from Asim with the breaking of the lam, there is encouragement for the addressees to contemplate so that they may be among the people of knowledge. And in the reading of the others with the opening, there is an indication that this is from the clarity to the extent that if inanimate objects were to speak, they would inform of their knowledge. Thus, there is an indication that they are non-existence, so there is no rebuke more painful than that.
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