Commentary
And when it was indicated at the end of that regarding the matter of the Sacred House that He, glorified and exalted is He, honors whom He wills and humiliates whom He wills, and He concluded by praising the fighters therein, and that He, glorified and exalted is He, is always with the doers of good. And it had been opened regarding the matter of the tempted ones, so it was as if it was said: 'We will certainly tempt you and we will blind the tempted ones and we will surely guide the fighters.' And the people of Persia had triumphed over the Romans, so the polytheists rejoiced and said to the Muslims: 'Our illiterate brothers have triumphed over your brothers, the people of the Book, so we will surely be victorious over you.' So Allah, the Exalted, informed that the matter would be contrary to what they claimed. Thus, a believer confirmed and a disbeliever denied. In all of that, the victory of the people of Persia and Allah's informing of the defeat of the Romans is a trial by which the steadfast are known from the shaken. And whoever has a Book is in a better state in general than one who has no Book. This began with a detailed explanation after He hinted at it with the disconnected letters, indicating both the unseen and the testimony, as a sign of His oneness and the invalidation of polytheism. So He established, glorified and exalted is He, that all matters belong to Him and that He supports the believers by granting victory to those who have a correct religion, and abandoning the people of Iraq in falsehood and ignorance. And He made that in a manner that indicates the victory of the believers over the polytheists. So He said, beginning with what He made clear: 'The Romans have been defeated,' meaning due to their changing of their religion [the Persians overcame them] in the time of Anushirwan or after him.
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