Commentary
And when he finished explaining what he intended regarding their concealment of the truth, along with an indication of some of its consequences, he concluded by stating that they do not shy away from lying about Allah, which necessitates lying about the prophets, blessings and peace be upon them. This is because they have no knowledge of the words of Allah, glorified and exalted is He, except through the intermediaries of the prophets, peace be upon them. And whatever the saying is, if it is a lie about Allah, glorified and exalted is He, it necessitates that it be an act of worship for the one attributed to it, apart from Allah, glorified and exalted is He, for He is the one who legislated it. This leads to the claim that the prophet called to his worship apart from Allah, glorified and exalted is He. This is after He clarified, glorified and exalted is He, from the attributes of 'Isa, peace be upon him, that necessitate the denial of divinity from him, which is not hidden from anyone with understanding. He legislated to clarify that they are lying in what they claim about 'Isa, peace be upon him. So he denied that he said that to them or anything of it in a way that encompasses him and all who possess his attributes, and in a context that is sufficient in itself to refute their saying. He said: "What was" meaning it was not true nor could it be imagined in any way "for a human" meaning from humans, whoever he may be, from 'Isa and 'Uzayr, peace be upon them, and others "that Allah should give him" meaning the All-Encompassing in everything, power and knowledge "the Book and the Judgment" meaning the wisdom that prepares for rulings, and it is the knowledge supported by action and the action perfected by knowledge, for its origin is soundness, which is placing something in its proper place such that its corruption is prevented. "And Prophethood" which is the news from Allah, glorified and exalted is He, necessitating the utmost elevation. Allah does that great matter and appoints him for the call to the exclusivity of Allah in worship and the abandonment of rivals. "Then" he lies about Allah, glorified and exalted is He, by saying "to the people, be worshippers of me."
And when that may be a figurative expression regarding accepting his saying and hastening to comply with his command from Allah, glorified and exalted is He, he guarded against it by saying: "apart from Allah" meaning the one characterized by all attributes of perfection. For there is no doubt for a rational person that whoever is given prophethood and wisdom - while being human - is far removed from claiming such a thing. For every attribute of his - especially the change of his human form indicative of his emotions - is independent in distancing from this claim. Thus, they have no basis, neither from the perspective of reason nor from the path of transmission. Therefore, a saying like that becomes contradictory to the wisdom with which he is adorned, and it is certainly correct that it is negated from him.
And when he mentioned what does not belong to him, he followed it with what belongs to him. He said: "But" meaning he says "Be Rabbaniyyin" meaning followers of the path of the Lord, attributed to Him with complete knowledge adorned with action. The 'alif' and 'nun' were added to indicate their exaggeration in following and their firm establishment in divine knowledge. For the Rabbani is the one who is strongly attached to the religion of Allah, glorified and exalted is He, and His obedience. Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah reported from Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, that when he died: a Rabbani of this nation died. "By what you used to teach the Book" meaning because you were knowledgeable of it, teaching it. "And by what you used to study" for the benefit of studying is knowledge, and the benefit of knowledge is action, and from it is the encouragement towards good and the awareness of the Creator.
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