Commentary
And when the description was completed with knowledge and power after the warning of His might, He mentioned the Day of Reckoning, which is warned against. On that day, every great and small deed is accounted for. Every worker will be treated according to what is appropriate for him. On that day, the attributes will be revealed for every intelligent and foolish person. So He, the Exalted, said: ﴿On the Day﴾, which is governed by a meaning of 'He warns'. ﴿You will find every soul﴾, and what guides to determining the estimation of this agent - if the agent is made estimated - is His saying, glorified and exalted is He: ﴿And Allah warns you of Himself﴾, preceding and following it. It is permissible that it is an alternative to 'Day' in His saying: ﴿For a Day there is no doubt in it﴾ [Al-Imran: 25], and its opening is for the construction of its addition to the sentence - and Allah, glorified and exalted is He, knows best. And the intended meaning of 'the self' - and Allah, glorified and exalted is He, knows best - is the accountable self. ﴿Whatever good it has done is present﴾, meaning there is no deficiency in it nor increase, by the command of the All-Prevailing, the Omnipotent over all things. ﴿And whatever evil it has done is present﴾, accompanying it. So whatever good it has done, it wishes that it does not part from it and that nothing is diminished from it. [And whatever evil it has done wishes] meaning it loves with a great love ﴿If only there were between it and that evil﴾, meaning that evil deed, ﴿a distance﴾, meaning a time. Al-Harali said: Its origin is the measure of what the horse can cover in running, so it is the measure of what fulfills the appearance of what is in the estimation until the fulfillment of its existence. ﴿Far away﴾ from distance, and it is the severance of connection in sense or meaning. It has ended. The verse is from the intertwining: it mentioned the presence of good as an indication of the presence of evil, and it wished after evil as an indication of the wish for the necessity of good.
And when He mentioned the horror of that day, it was as if He said: So fear it, for indeed Allah warns you of it. ﴿And Allah warns you﴾, meaning the One who has greatness that cannot be encompassed ﴿of Himself﴾. So Allah, glorified and exalted is He, is the Avenger of whoever transgresses his bounds and forgets that he is a servant. Al-Harali said: That you have souls, so you find what they have done, and it obliges them the burden of this accountability. Rather, what should be is that the servant should absolve himself from having a will and should observe Allah's knowledge and power in all of his outward and inward affairs, and in the outward and inward of existence. It has ended.
And when the repetition of the warning may repel, it is clear that His warning is for the purpose of drawing near. (p-331) For it is by establishing evidence and sending callers and encouraging obedience and warning against disobedience that happiness in both abodes is caused. So it is from His mercy towards those warned. He said, building on what you estimate: And Allah, glorified and exalted is He, promises you His grace and gives you glad tidings of it out of His mercy towards you: ﴿And Allah﴾, meaning while the One who alone possesses majesty and honor ﴿is kind to the servants﴾. Al-Harali said: So this warning is the concluding one, the initial warning being the final one. So this is a preceding mercy, and the first that is arranged upon the deed is a subsequent warning connected to the return to Allah. And this concluding one begins with mercy from Allah.
And compassion - the people of meanings say - is the most delicate form of mercy. What expresses the meaning - and Allah, glorified and exalted is He, knows best - is that it is the affection of the affectionate towards one who has a connection with him. It is the mercy of the one who is connected to the merciful. Whoever realizes that the matter is for Allah, glorified and exalted is He, finds His gentleness, grace, and mercy upon him because he is free from claiming any good for himself. Therefore, he loves Him for that. It was said to a Bedouin: 'You will die, be resurrected, and return to Allah?' He said: 'Are you threatening me with the One from whom I have never seen any good except from Him?' So when the servant realizes this from his Lord, he loves Him for what he has unified Him with and for what he finds in this world. This protects him from finding the work of his own self in the Hereafter. It has been concluded.
And it is known that the verse is from the interweaving: the warning first indicates the promise of good secondly, and compassion secondly indicates vengeance first - and Allah, glorified and exalted is He, is the one who grants success.
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